32 female cocaine users hospitalized for detoxification will receive six 4 IU jets of intranasal oxytocin twice daily (daily dose of 48 IU) as adjunctive treatment to conventional treatment from the eighth to seventeenth day of hospitalization (duration of oxytocin treatment of 10 days). Conventional treatment includes supportive individual and group psychotherapy (once a week), nutritional control, regular physical activity and psychopharmacotherapy as needed to relieve the symptoms of anxiety, aggression and agitation typical of withdrawal and care. 21 days of hospitalization.

32 female cocaine users hospitalized for detoxification will receive six jets of placebo solution (2% odor-generating propolis essence + the same vehicle as intra-nasal oxytocin: 0.05% citric acid, 0.9% sodium chloride, 1% glycerol, 0.54% disodium phosphate, 0.2% methylparaben + propylparaben, 1% sorbitol, 80% water) twice daily as adjunctive treatment to conventional treatment from the eighth to the seventeenth day of hospitalization (duration of placebo treatment of 10 days). Conventional treatment includes supportive individual and group psychotherapy (once a week), nutritional control, regular physical activity and psychopharmacotherapy as needed to relieve the symptoms of anxiety, aggression and agitation typical of withdrawal and care. 21 days of hospitalization.

32 female cocaine users hospitalized for detoxification will receive conventional treatment including individual and group supportive psychotherapy (once a week), nutritional control, regular physical activity and psychopharmacotherapy if needed for symptom relief. anxiety, aggression and agitation, typical of abstinence and nursing care, during 21 days of hospitalization.

Cocaine Withdrawal

Cocaine Smoking

Cocaine-Related Disorders

Oxytocin nasal spray 24 UI twice daily as adjunctive treatment to conventional treatment during 10 days of detoxification of crack cocaine

Oxytocin nasal spray

Nasal spray with placebo solution (2% odor-generating propolis essence + the same vehicle as intra-nasal oxytocin: 0.05% citric acid, 0.9% sodium chloride, 1% glycerol, 0.54% disodium phosphate, 0.2% methylparaben + propylparaben, 1% sorbitol, 80% water) twice daily as adjunctive treatment to conventional treatment.

placebo nasal spray

Hospital Santa Ana

Use of Intranasal Oxytocin During Detoxification of Crack Cocaine

Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Study of Intranasal Oxytocin During Detoxification of Crack Cocaine

Change from baseline withdrawal symptoms (hospital admission) at the end of detoxification treatment (21 days) assessed by Cocaine Selective Severity Assessment (CSSA, minimum and maximum scores: 0 - 112). After treatment, the oxytocin-treated group is expected to have significantly lower withdrawal scores (better outcome) than the other groups (30%).

Change from baseline anxiety symptoms (hospital admission) at the end of detoxification treatment (21 days) assessed by the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Short Form scale (PROMIS, minimum and maximum raw scores: 8 - 40). After treatment, the oxytocin-treated group is expected to show lower anxiety scores (better outcome) compared to the other groups (30%).

Change from baseline depressive symptoms (hospital admission) at the end of detoxification treatment (21 days) assessed by the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report scale (QIDS-SR, minimum and maximum scores: 0 - 27). After treatment, the oxytocin-treated group is expected to show lower depressive scores (better outcome) compared to the other groups (30%).

Dose change of neuroleptic medications used during hospitalization for agitation or irritability (expected 25% lower).

Rate of adherence of outpatient treatment six months after discharge (expected to be 20% higher) assessed by reviewing the medical records of each patient within the outpatient program. If patient would be enrolled in the outpatient program after six months from detoxification she will be considered adhered to the program (higher rates means better outcome).

Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira

Professor

Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul

Secretaria Nacional de Políticas sobre Drogas (SENAD)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

On the eve of the eighth day of hospitalization, a person in charge of the research team performed a randomization of the participants exchanged in blocks, according to the methods of Schulz and collaborators (SCHULZ; GRIMES, 2002). The responsible person did not have contact with the participants. The blocks were made up of 12 participants each, and the ratio was maintained at 4: 4: 4, in order to reduce the chances of the groups getting mixed amounts. The members of the research team responsible for data collection, the technical team of the inpatient unit and the participants did not know to what condition each patient had been allocated.
These procedures guaranteed the randomization and double blinding of the study.

Individuals who are generally healthy and have a body mass index less than 25 kg/m^2.

Individuals electing to undergo bariatric surgery (generally with a body mass index between 35 and 40 kg/m^2 with an additional co-morbidity such as type 2 diabetes, or individuals with a body mass index greater than 40 kg/m^2) and who are willing to participate for 2 visits, one before and one after surgery. The intervention in this group is bariatric surgery.

Obesity, Morbid

Stem Cells

Cardiovascular Morbidity

Surgical intervention for weight reduction, whereby the stomach is resected and the gastrointestinal tract is rerouted in the case of Roux-en-y gastric bypass, or the stomach is only resected in the case of sleeve gastrectomy.

Bariatric (weight loss) surgery

St. Michael's Hospital

Effect of Weight Loss Surgery on Stem Cells.

Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Circulating Inflammatory and Pro-vascular Progenitor Cell Populations.

All IPD that underlie results in a publication

Subodh Verma

Clinical Professor of Surgery and Pharmacology & Toxicology

St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto

Humber River Hospital

University of Western Ontario, Canada

Patients discharged from ER receive pamphlet re: smoking cessation

Prior the patient leaving the ED, the PI will assist the patient with contacting 1-800-QUIT-NOW, who will help patient to quit smoking.

Standard EM Smoking Cessation Info

Patients Contact 1-800-QUIT-NOW Before Leaving ED

Total

Sex: Female, Male

Region of Enrollment

Patients enrolled in this study were contacted via phone to assess smoking status. Smoking status was a self-report from each subject. Primary outcome measure is the smoking status of the enrollee at the time of follow-up contact. We calculated the percentage of participants who had stopped smoking at the 6 week follow-up period in each arm

No intervention given to this ED population of smokers

Control Arm

Enrollees put in contact with 1-800-QUIT-NOW line

Intervention Arm

Smoking Status at Follow up

Overall Study

Benjamin Heavrin, MD

Smoking Cessation

Tobacco Use Cessation

Health Behavior

Randomly introducing patients to a Department of Health program to help them quit smoking.

A simple intervention where ED patients who were motivated to quit smoking were put in direct phone contact with a trained smoking cessation counselor during their ED stay.

Vanderbilt University Medical Center - Emergency Medicine

Smoking Cessation Invention in the Emergency Department (ED)

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Directed Smoking Cessation Intervention in the Emergency Care Population

Ben Heavrin

Benjamin S. Heavrin, MD, MBA

Vanderbilt University

Substance Withdrawal Syndrome

Drug Withdrawal Symptoms

Anxiety

Massage therapists with at least 5 years experience will perform the massages. On each of three consecutive days, participants (while fully clothed and in a seated position) will receive a 20-minute back, shoulder, neck and head massage. Subjects will be treated with conventional light pressure Swedish massage techniques which consisted of continuous systematic strokes including kneading and stretching to loosen and rehabilitate the soft tissues of the body and to provide general relaxation. The manual techniques include: effleurage , soothing petrissage , repetitive stroking, rocking , squeezing and mild joint mobilization. As is standard practice in massage therapy delivery, room lights will be dimmed and soft, soothing music played to enhance relaxation during therapy.

Therapeutic Massage

On each of three consecutive evenings, subjects in this group will participate in a 20 minute relaxation session. This session will be delivered in the same location and with the same lighting and music as with the therapeutic massage group. Each participant will be asked to choose a comfortable position in a chair and a massage therapist will sit quietly in the room approximately 4 feet behind the participant.

Relaxation Control

Addiction Prevention and Treatment Services; Capital District

Therapeutic Massage to Manage Withdrawal Related Anxiety

Use of Massage Therapy to Reduce Anxiety and Improve Sleep in Patients Participating in an Inpatient Withdrawal Management (Detox) Program: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

detox/stroke

Use of Intranasal Oxytocin During Detoxification of Crack Cocaine

Effect of Weight Loss Surgery on Stem Cells.

Smoking Cessation Invention in the Emergency Department (ED)

Therapeutic Massage to Manage Withdrawal Related Anxiety

Gene-by-Smoking Interactions and Risk of Atherosclerosis - Ancillary to ARIC

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