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dihydroxyacetone/jagung
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Alterations in Carbohydrate Intermediates in the Endosperm of Starch-Deficient Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes.
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Metabolite levels in kernels of selected starch-deficient mutants of maize (Zea mays L.) were investigated to gain insight into partitioning of carbohydrate metabolism during kernel development. Several free sugars, hexose phosphates, triose phosphates, fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, and pyrophosphate
Isolation of Bundle Sheath Cell Chloroplasts from the NADP-ME Type C(4) Plant Zea mays: Capacities for CO(2) Assimilation and Malate Decarboxylation.
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Bundle sheath chloroplasts have been isolated from Zea mays leaves by a procedure involving enzymic digestion of mechanically prepared strands of bundle sheath cells followed by gentle breakage and filtration. The resulting crude chloroplast preparation was enriched by Percoll density layer
The effects of diet on the esterification of glycerol phosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate and 2-hexadecylglycerol by homogenates of rat adipose tissue.
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1. Male rats were fed for 5 weeks after weaning on a diet containing (by weight) 59% of starch or on diets that contained 39% of starch and 20% of either sucrose, beef tallow or corn oil. 2. The rats fed on the beef tallow consumed more energy than did the rats fed on the starch and sucrose diets.
CO(2) Assimilation and Malate Decarboxylation by Isolated Bundle Sheath Chloroplasts from Zea mays.
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Conditions for optimal CO(2) fixation and malate decarboxylation by isolated bundle sheath chloroplasts from Zea mays were examined. The relative rates of these processes varied according to the photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle intermediate provided. Highest rates of malate decarboxylation,
Phosphorylation of a stromal enzyme protein in maize (Zea mays) mesophyll chloroplasts.
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When intact maize (Zea mays) mesophyll chloroplasts were illuminated in the presence of [32P]orthophosphate and subsequently subjected to sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis, a major polypeptide species of Mr 100000 was found to be heavily labelled. This polypeptide was not
A metabolic study of the regulation of proteolysis by sugars in maize root tips: effects of glycerol and dihydroxyacetone.
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Sugars, the main growth substrates of plants, act as physiological signals in the complex regulatory network of sugar metabolism. To investigate the function of different glycolytic steps in sugar sensing and signaling we compared the effects of carbon starvation with those of glucose, glycerol and
Dihydroxyacetone as a definitive treatment for aluminium phosphide poisoning in rats.
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Aluminium phosphide (AlP), a very toxic pesticide also known as the rice tablet, releases phosphine gas upon contact with water, moisture, or gastric acid. Its mortality rate in humans is 70-100 % due to cardiogenic shock and refractory hypotension. Dihydroxyacetone (DHA) is a simple ketonic
Changes in Levels of Intermediates of the C(4) Cycle and Reductive Pentose Phosphate Pathway under Various Concentrations of CO(2) in Maize Leaves.
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The rate of CO(2) assimilation and levels of metabolites of the C(4) cycle and reductive pentose phosphate pathway in an attached leaf of maize (Zea mays L) were measured over a range of intercellular CO(2) concentration (Ci) of 10 to 190 microliters per liter. The CO(2) assimilation rate was
Enzyme activities associated with maize kernel amyloplasts.
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Activities of the enzymes of gluconeogenesis and of starch metabolism were measured in extracts of amyloplasts isolated from protoplasts derived from 14-day-old maize (Zea mays L., cv Pioneer 3780) endosperm. The enzymes triosephosphate isomerase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase,
Dietary fat mediates hyperglycemia and the glucogenic response to increased protein consumption in an insect, Manduca sexta L.
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Many insects display non-homeostatic regulation over blood sugar level. The concentration of trehalose varies dramatically depending on physiological and nutritional state. In the absence of dietary carbohydrate, blood trehalose in larvae of the lepidopteran insect Manduca sexta is maintained by
ADP-glucose drives starch synthesis in isolated maize endosperm amyloplasts: characterization of starch synthesis and transport properties across the amyloplast envelope.
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We recently developed a method of purifying amyloplasts from developing maize (Zea mays L.) endosperm tissue [Neuhaus, Thom, Batz and Scheibe (1993) Biochem. J. 296, 395-401]. In the present paper we analyse how glucose 6-phosphate (Glc6P) and other phosphorylated compounds enter the plastid
The effect of dietary carbohydrate and fat on the activities of some enzymes responsible for glycerolipid synthesis in rat liver.
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1. Male rats were fed for 14 days on diets containing (by wt.) 53% of starch, or on diets in which 20% of the starch was replaced by sucrose, corn oil or lard. 2. The hepatic activities of the microsomal glycerol phosphate acyltransferase, dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase, phosphatidate
Enzyme regulation in c(4) photosynthesis : identification and localization of activities catalyzing the synthesis and hydrolysis of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate in corn leaves.
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Activities catalyzing the synthesis of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (fructose-6-phosphate,2-kinase or Fru-6-P,2K) and its breakdown (fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase or Fru-2,6-P(2)ase) were identified in leaves of corn (Zea mays), a C(4) plant. Fru-6-P,2K and Fru-2,6-P(2)ase were both localized mainly, if
Purification of highly intact plastids from various heterotrophic plant tissues: analysis of enzymic equipment and precursor dependency for starch biosynthesis.
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Starting with a protocol originally developed for the purification of intact plastids from cauliflower buds [Journet and Douce (1985) Plant Physiol. 79, 458-467] we have modified this method to obtain intact heterotrophic plastids from etiolated barley leaves (Hordeum vulgare) and pea (Pisum
Regulation of NADP-malate dehydrogenase in C4 plants: relationship among enzyme activity, NADPH to NADP ratios, and thioredoxin redox states in intact maize mesophyll chloroplasts.
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NADP-malate dehydrogenase activity, the ratio of NADPH to NADP, and thioredoxin redox state in Zea mays chloroplasts were determined after various treatments. Following transfer from dark to light, NADP-malate dehydrogenase was activated more than 20-fold within 10 min while the proportion of
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