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A group of poorly studied immune-mediated neurological syndromes are associated with antibodies against glutamic-acid decarboxylase (GAD-Ab). GAD is the rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) from glutamate and is expressed by inhibitory neurons of the central
Excessive daytime sleepiness and long sleep durations are common features of many neurologic disorders, including myotonic dystrophy, Parkinson's disease, and the central nervous system hypersomnia syndromes. These latter syndromes are a group of disorders with overlapping clinical phenotypes and,
This study aims to improve cognition and function in patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) by administering the oral antibiotic, rifaximin. Rifaximin is a virtually non-absorbed antibiotic with the unique properties of altering gut microbiota and lowering blood ammonia levels. It is FDA approved
- Normal gut microbiota is essential in preventing colonization of the harmful bacteria by competing with them for vital resources such as food and growth factors .
- Another way that gut microbiota can enhance the function of the intestinal barrier is through protecting and improving epithelial
Schizophrenia is one of the most serious mental illnesses worldwide that affects approximately 1% of the worldwide population and result in a heavy economic burden to affected family. Antipsychotics are the main stay of treatment of schizophrenia, however, there are still approximately 1/3
Over the past 10 years, considerable evidence has emerged from animal studies to suggest that the gut microbiome has significant effects on brain development and behavior, with bidirectional communication between the enteric nervous system, gut and the central nervous system (CNS) (Diaz Heijtz et
A prospective observational study will be conducted and cases will be recruited by multi-center cooperation. Investigators plan to collect 100 schizophrenic patients as case group, 100 healthy people as control group. Investigators will observe schizophrenia patients who use the single drug of
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic, disabling functional gastrointestinal disorder that is characterized by abdominal pain or discomfort and a disturbance in bowel habit. It has long been recognized that psychological factors can be important in IBS, and that bi-directional signaling
Specific Aims:
Aim 1: Establish the infrastructure, protocol, and procedures for recruiting, screening, enrolling, and maintaining a sample of 30 adults (both younger adults and older adults) with major depression in a 12-week exercise intervention. The primary aim is to establish both feasibility
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive and disabling neurological disorder involving the nigrostriatum and for which no cure is known. Evidence suggests that inflammation contributes, significantly, to the cause and/or progression of the disease. Studies in postmortem human brain, animal models,
Primary Outcome:
The primary statistical hypothesis to be assessed in this study is whether the mean C-peptide value for study subjects receiving GABA differs significantly from the mean value for placebo subjects assessed at follow-up.
Secondary Outcome:
The study will examine the HbA1C and the
1. BACKGROUND AND SIGNIFICANCE:
1. Fibromyalgia (FM):
*Fibromyalgia is the second most common rheumatologic disorder, behind osteoarthritis, afflicting 2-4% of the population of industrialized countries.(Jacobsen and Bredkjaer, 1992; Wolfe et al., 1990) To fulfill the criteria for FM established by
The need for mechanical ventilation (MV) secondary to sepsis is the leading cause of admission to the intensive care unit, often necessitating sedation for patient safety and comfort. Recently, we have learned that these sedative medications contribute to iatrogenic injury, such as prolonging
Nodding Syndrome (NS) is described as an epileptic seizure disorder and has been documented in various geographic areas of sub-Saharan Africa. Jilek et al, 1962, first described several children with attacks of 'nodding head' in Mahenge, a region in southern Tanzania (1,2,3). A missionary doctor
laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a painful and stressful surgical procedure. Pregabalin is a lipophilic structural analogue of the inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid by binding to the presynaptic voltage-gated calcium channels that are widely distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous