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Prognostic value of 18F-fluoroethyl-L-tyrosine PET and MRI in small nonspecific incidental brain lesions.

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Nonspecific incidental brain lesions (NILs) are being detected more frequently because of an increasing number of screening or research MRI scans of the brain, and their natural course is uncertain. METHODS In a prospective cohort study starting in 1999, we determined the outcomes of patients with

The radioprotector ortho-phospho-L-tyrosine (pTyr) attenuates the side effects of fractionated irradiation in retinoblastoma mouse models but also decreases the local tumour control.

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Radiotherapy (RT) is used to treat retinoblastoma (Rb), the most frequent ocular tumour in children. Besides eradicating the tumour, RT can cause severe side effects including secondary malignancies. This study aimed to define whether the radioprotector ortho-phospho-L-tyrosine (pTyr) prevents

Effects of N-stearoyl-L-tyrosine on the hippocampal ubiquitin-proteasome system in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.

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OBJECTIVE Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) leads to neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment. Ubiquitinated protein aggregates are commonly present in neurodegenerative disorders and are believed to cause neuronal degeneration. Here, we investigated the effects of N-stearoyl-L-tyrosine (NSTyr)

Generation of reactive oxygen species by tyrosine hydroxylase: a possible contribution to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons?

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It has been suggested that idiopathic parkinsonism, characterized by a loss of dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal pathway, is due to the intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species, generated by a nonenzymatic or enzymatic partial reduction of dioxygen. Based on in vitro studies of

L-tyrosine supplementation does not ameliorate skeletal muscle dysfunction in zebrafish and mouse models of dominant skeletal muscle α-actin nemaline myopathy.

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L-tyrosine supplementation may provide benefit to nemaline myopathy (NM) patients, however previous studies are inconclusive, with no elevation of L-tyrosine levels in blood or tissue reported. We evaluated the ability of L-tyrosine treatments to improve skeletal muscle function in all three

Induction of motor neuron apoptosis by free 3-nitro-L-tyrosine.

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Peroxynitrite-dependent tyrosine nitration has been postulated to be involved in motor neuron degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Evidence supporting this supposition includes the appearance of both free and protein-linked 3-nitro-l-tyrosine (nitrotyrosine) in both sporadic and

Positron emission tomography with O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-l-tyrosine versus magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of recurrent gliomas.

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OBJECTIVE New treatment modalities are available for patients with glioma, which may lead to unspecific changes in posttherapeutic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. Differentiation between tumor- and therapy-associated contrast enhancement on MRI scans after treatment may be difficult. The

Molecular recognition of amino acids by RNA aptamers: the evolution into an L-tyrosine binder of a dopamine-binding RNA motif.

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We report the evolution of an RNA aptamer to change its binding specificity. RNA aptamers that bind the free amino acid tyrosine were in vitro selected from a degenerate pool derived from a previously selected dopamine aptamer. Three independent sequences bind tyrosine in solution, the winner of the

Chapter 8. Evolution and development in the cavefish Astyanax.

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The teleost Astyanax mexicanus is a single species consisting of two radically different forms: a sighted pigmented surface-dwelling form (surface fish) and a blind depigmented cave-dwelling form (cavefish). The two forms of Astyanax have favorable attributes, including descent from a common

Isolation, characterization and pathology of the toxin from a Microcystis aeruginosa (= Anacystis cyanea) bloom.

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The nature of the toxicity of a bloom of blue-green alga, M. aeruginosa (= Anacystis cyanea), that occurred in a man-made lake was investigated. Crude algal bloom extracts were toxic to laboratory mice when injected intraperitoneally. The lethal dose (LD100) of these extracts was 15-30 mg of

Mechanistic effects of amino acids and glucose in a novel glutaric aciduria type 1 cell model.

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Acute neurological crises involving striatal degeneration induced by a deficiency of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH) and the accumulation of glutaric (GA) and 3-hydroxyglutaric acid (3-OHGA) are considered to be the most striking features of glutaric aciduria type I (GA1). In the present study, we

Molecular characterization of phenylalanine ammonia lyase gene from Cistanche deserticola.

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We cloned the gene, CdPAL1, from Cistanche deserticola callus using RACE PCR with degenerate primers that were designed based on a multiple sequence alignment of known PAL genes from other plant species. The gene shows high homology to other known PAL genes registered in GenBank. The recombinant

Arsonate-specific murine T cell clones. IV. Properties of I-E- and I-A-restricted clones.

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The T cell antigen L-tyrosine-p-azobenzenearsonate is unique in being a simple determinant that can be presented in the context of both I-A and I-E. I-E-restricted T cell clones derived from B10.A(5R) mice were found to fall into three groups: Type I clones recognized antigen only in the context of

Conformation and interaction of phenylalanine with the divalent cation at the active site of human recombinant tyrosine hydroxylase as determined by proton NMR.

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Recombinant human tyrosine hydroxylase has been purified as a metal-free apoenzyme (apo-hTH1) which tightly binds one Fe2+, Co2+, or Zn2+ per subunit with activation only by Fe2+ and competitive inhibition by the other cations. L-tyrosine and L-phenylalanine are alternative substrates for this

The effect of intrastriatal injection of liposome-entrapped tyrosinase on the dopamine levels in the rat brain.

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Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder which is mainly characterized by degeneration of the dopaminergic cells in the nigro-striatal system. Due to a lowered L-tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity, L-tyrosine is not sufficiently transformed to L-DOPA. To date the most common therapy is the

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