20ml Liposomal Bupivacaine 1.3% (13.3mg/mL), injected to the buccal mucosal graft harvest site.

No local anesthetics injected to the buccal mucosal graft harvest site

Urethral Stricture

20ml of Liposomal Bupivacaine 1.3% (13.3mg/mL)

Liposomal Bupivacaine

Urology of Virginia

Liposomal Bupivacaine To Control Post-Operative Pain Following BMG

Liposomal Bupivacaine To Control Post-Operative Pain Following Buccal Mucosal Graft Harvesting

Continuous variables to be assessed as: Post-operative oral pain score measured using 10 point visual analogue score for pain assessment (minimum 0 or no pain to maximum 10 most painful)

Continuous variable to be assessed as : Narcotics requested by the patient and administered post-procedural day 1 and day 2 (Total and separately assessed). All narcotics will be converted to IV morphine equianalgesic equivalent conversion factors according to American Pain Society

Event rate nominal variable to be assessed as: oral morbidity post-procedure categorized according to Clavien Dindo-Classification

Event rate nominal variable to be assessed using survey question (yes or no)

Event rate nominal variable to be assessed using survey question (more, less or none)

Patient blinded for the intraoperative intervention given (With Liposomal Bupivacaine injection to the buccal mucosal graft harvest site or not)

Ketamine is a dissociative agent that is thought to modulate pain by binding to NMDA receptors. Participants assigned to the ketamine arm will be given 0.4 mg/kg IV of ketamine (40 mg maximum).

Morphine is an opioid that acts on opioidergic receptors to modulate pain. Participants in the opioid arm will receive 0.1 mg/kg IV of morphine (10 mg maximum).

Ketamine is a dissociative agent that is thought to modulate pain by binding to NMDA receptors. Participants assigned to the ketamine arm will be given 0.4 mg/kg IV of ketamine (40 mg maximum).
ketamine

Ketamine

Morphine is an opioid that acts on opioidergic receptors to modulate pain. Participants in the opioid arm will receive 0.1 mg/kg IV of morphine (10 mg maximum).
morphine

Morphine

Total

Sex: Female, Male

Race (NIH/OMB)

Region of Enrollment

Study outcomes involve change in participants' pain as measured by a visual analog scale. The scale is a 10 inch line from 0 to 10 inches with 10 being the most pain and 0 being no pain. There are no units on the scale; it is just a straight line from no pain (0) to the worst pain (10). We assessed at o, 15, and 60 minutes but only scored the VAS at 60 minutes.

We asked patients if they would use the study medication again for acute pain.

Pain Treatment-VAS (Visual Analog Scale)

We will monitor for adverse effects and record for changes in vital signs including nausea and vomiting, hypotension, respiratory depression, laryngospasm, and emotional and psychological effects (emergence reactions).

Number of participants with Adverse Events

Number of Participants With an Adverse Effects

Patients will be assessed to determine whether the participant would consider using the drug given to them for pain relief in the future. It was measured on a likert scale from 1-5 with 1 being did not like and would not use the drug again to 5 being like and would definitely receive the medication again. There are no units. The numbers below are the total number of patients that completed this answer. This was only asked on patients that received medication as if they did not receive medication the answer would not make sense. The median value is the likert value on a scale of 1-5 with the standard deviation.

laryngismus/sakit kepala

Liposomal Bupivacaine To Control Post-Operative Pain Following BMG

Comparing Ketamine and Morphine in the Treatment of Acute Fracture Pain

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