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lipoxygenase/diare
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In vitro inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase metabolite, leukotriene B4, in bovine mononuclear cells by bovine viral diarrhea virus.
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Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) virus inhibited phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-, PHA plus phorbol-12-myristate-13 acetate (PMA)- or PHA plus calcium ionophore (A23187)-stimulated bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation. Further, BVD-virus inhibited A23187-stimulated leukotriene B4 (LTB4)
5-Lipoxygenase modulates colitis through the regulation of adhesion molecule expression and neutrophil migration.
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Leukotrienes play a part in inflammatory response. The unique role of the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) in the production of leukotrienes makes it as therapeutic target for inflammatory conditions like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In the present study, by comparing the responses in wild-type
Cyclooxygenase-2 and 5-lipoxygenase in dogs with chronic enteropathies.
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BACKGROUND
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) is the major source of leukotrienes. Their role in IBD has been demonstrated in humans and animal models, but not in dogs with chronic enteropathies
Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of LY293111, an orally bioavailable LTB4 receptor antagonist, in patients with advanced solid tumors.
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OBJECTIVE
LY293111, a novel diaryl ether carboxylic acid derivative, is a potent and selective inhibitor of the lipoxygenase pathway either directly through 5'-lipoxygenase or via antagonism of the leukotriene B4 (LTB4) receptor. More recently it has been determined to have peroxisome proliferator
Anti-diabetic and spasmolytic potential of Farsetia hamiltonii Royle from Cholistan desert.
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BACKGROUND
Folk herbal practitioners of the Cholistan desert claim Farsetia hamiltonii Royle (Brassicaceae) to treat diabetes, oxidative damages, diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps. The aim of this study was to scientifically find the potential of Farsetia hamiltonii in treating diabetes and
Kinins as mediators of intestinal secretion.
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Kinins are small peptides that have diverse biological actions. Concentrations of kinins in the nanomolar or subnanomolar range induce intestinal smooth muscle contraction and evoke mucosal electrolyte secretion. Hyperkininemia is associated with effects on gastrointestinal motility and intestinal
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha induces Cl- and K+ secretion in human distal colon driven by prostaglandin E2.
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Increased levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) have been found in, for example, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. To investigate a possible contribution of TNF-alpha to the pathogenesis of diarrhea in these diseases, ion transport of
Eicosanoids content in small intestinal mucosa of children with celiac disease.
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Celiac disease (CD) is characterized by diarrhea, growth retardation, and weight loss in genetically susceptible subjects on a gluten-containing diet. The exact pathogenesis of CD is still obscure, but it is considered to be immunologically mediated. We have previously shown elevated prostaglandin
Role of mast cells and pro-inflammatory mediators on the intestinal secretion induced by cholera toxin.
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Recent data suggest that diarrhea caused by Vibrio cholerae involves a pro-inflammatory mediators release, such as cytokines, prostaglandin and nitric oxide. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of mast cells and their mediators in the intestinal secretion induced by cholera toxin. We
Subacute and subchronic toxicology studies of CI-986, a novel anti-inflammatory compound.
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CI-986 (5-[3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2(3H)- thione-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium salt) is a novel anti-inflammatory compound classified as a dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase. Studies were undertaken to characterize the preclinical
Intestinal anaphylaxis: mediation of the response of colonic longitudinal muscle in rat.
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Colonic smooth muscle function may be altered in food protein hypersensitivity reactions and could contribute to the clinical manifestation of diarrhea. To characterize such functional changes and elucidate the mediators and mechanisms involved. Hooded-Lister rats were sensitized by intraperitoneal
Rat gastric motor response to food protein-induced anaphylaxis.
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OBJECTIVE
Antigen challenge of sensitized rats leads to delayed gastric emptying, but the mechanism (gastroparesis or prolonged trituration) and mediators are unknown.
METHODS
Hooded Lister rats were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of egg albumin as antigen, and control rats were
Fish oil fatty acid supplementation in active ulcerative colitis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study.
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Arachidonic acid metabolites formed by both the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways may contribute to the clinical diarrhea and colitis of inflammatory bowel disease. Patients with active ulcerative colitis have increased levels of leukotriene B4 in their rectal mucosa, and these levels tend to
Enzyme inhibition, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities, and brine shrimp toxicity of extracts from the root bark, stem bark and leaves of Terminalia macroptera.
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BACKGROUND
The root bark, stem bark and leaves of Terminalia macroptera have been traditionally used against a variety of ailments such as wounds, hepatitis, malaria, fever, cough, and diarrhea as well as tuberculosis and skin diseases in African folk medicine. Boiling water extracts of Terminalia
Effects of alpha-linolenic acid on colonic secretion in rats with experimental colitis.
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BACKGROUND
Few studies have specifically examined the effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on intestinal water and ion secretion in ulcerative colitis (UC). The aim of this study was to examine the contribution of prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs) to mucosal secretion in
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