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lutein/arabidopsis thaliana
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Dissecting and modeling zeaxanthin- and lutein-dependent nonphotochemical quenching in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Photosynthetic organisms use various photoprotective mechanisms to dissipate excess photoexcitation as heat in a process called nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ). Regulation of NPQ allows for a rapid response to changes in light intensity and in vascular plants, is primarily triggered by a pH
Engineering the lutein epoxide cycle into Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Although sunlight provides the energy necessary for plants to survive and grow, light can also damage reaction centers of photosystem II (PSII) and reduce photochemical efficiency. To prevent damage, plants possess photoprotective mechanisms that dissipate excess excitation. A subset of these
The Lack of Lutein Accelerates the Extent of Light-induced Bleaching of Photosynthetic Pigments in Thylakoid Membranes of Arabidopsis thaliana.
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The high light-induced bleaching of photosynthetic pigments and the degradation of proteins of light-harvesting complexes of PSI and PSII were investigated in isolated thylakoid membranes of Arabidopsis thaliana, wt and lutein-deficient mutant lut2, with the aim of unraveling the role of lutein for
Lutein-mediated photoprotection of photosynthetic machinery in Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to chronic low ultraviolet-B radiation.
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Ecologically relevant low UV-B is reported to alter reactive oxygen species metabolism and anti-oxidative systems through an up-regulation of enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway. However, little is known about low UV-B-induced changes in carotenoid profile and their impacts on light harvesting
Ultrafast excitation relaxation dynamics of lutein in solution and in the light-harvesting complexes II isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Ultrafast excitation relaxation dynamics and energy-transfer processes in the light-harvesting complex II (LHC II) of Arabidopsis thaliana were examined at physiological temperature using femtosecond time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Energy transfer from lutein to Chl a proceeded with a rate
Xanthophyll cycle-dependent nonphotochemical quenching in Photosystem II: Mechanistic insights gained from Arabidopsis thaliana L. mutants that lack violaxanthin deepoxidase activity and/or lutein.
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This study compares Photosystem II (PS II) chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence yield changes of Arabidopsis thaliana L. nuclear gene mutants, thoughtfully provided by the authors of Pogson et al. (1998 Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95: 13324-13329). One single mutant (npq1) inhibits the violaxanthin
Reactive oxygen species and transcript analysis upon excess light treatment in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana vs a photosensitive mutant lacking zeaxanthin and lutein.
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BACKGROUND
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are unavoidable by-products of oxygenic photosynthesis, causing progressive oxidative damage and ultimately cell death. Despite their destructive activity they are also signalling molecules, priming the acclimatory response to stress stimuli.
RESULTS
To
Lutein accumulation in the absence of zeaxanthin restores nonphotochemical quenching in the Arabidopsis thaliana npq1 mutant.
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Plants protect themselves from excess absorbed light energy through thermal dissipation, which is measured as nonphotochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence (NPQ). The major component of NPQ, qE, is induced by high transthylakoid DeltapH in excess light and depends on the xanthophyll cycle,
Photoprotection in a zeaxanthin- and lutein-deficient double mutant of Arabidopsis.
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When light absorption by a plant exceeds its capacity for light utilization, photosynthetic light harvesting is rapidly downregulated by photoprotective thermal dissipation, which is measured as nonphotochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence (NPQ). To address the involvement of specific
Xanthophyll biosynthetic mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana: altered nonphotochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence is due to changes in Photosystem II antenna size and stability.
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Xanthophylls (oxygen derivatives of carotenes) are essential components of the plant photosynthetic apparatus. Lutein, the most abundant xanthophyll, is attached primarily to the bulk antenna complex, light-harvesting complex (LHC) II. We have used mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana that selectively
Spectroscopic Properties of Violaxanthin and Lutein Triplet States in LHCII are Independent of Carotenoid Composition.
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Chlorophyll triplet excited states are by-products of photosynthetic processes that can indirectly harm biological membranes by forming highly reactive oxygen species. A crucial photoprotective mechanism evolved by plants to counter this threat involves the triplet energy transfer from chlorophylls
Functional analysis of LHCSR1, a protein catalyzing NPQ in mosses, by heterologous expression in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Non-photochemical quenching, NPQ, of chlorophyll fluorescence regulates the heat dissipation of chlorophyll excited states and determines the efficiency of the oxygenic photosynthetic systems. NPQ is regulated by a pH-sensing protein, responding to the chloroplast lumen acidification induced by
The role of lutein in the acclimation of higher plant chloroplast membranes to suboptimal conditions.
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Two mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana deficient in lutein have been investigated with respect to their responses to growth under a range of suboptimal conditions. The first mutant, lut1, was enriched in violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, zeaxanthin and zeinoxanthin compared with the wild-type (WT). In the
Functional Characterization of Lycopene Cyclases Illustrates the Metabolic Pathway towards Lutein in Red Algal Seaweeds.
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Carotenoids are essential phytonutrients synthesized by all photosynthetic organisms. Acyclic lycopene is the first branching point for carotenoid biosynthesis. Lycopene β- and ε-cyclases (LCYB and LCYE, respectively) catalyze the cyclization of its open ends and direct the metabolic flux into
Variations in xanthophyll composition in etiolated seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana correlate with protochlorophyllide accumulation.
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Protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) accumulation and xantophyll composition were studied in 5-day old etiolated seedlings of three ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana: Columbia (Col-0), Landsberg erecta (Ler) and Wassiliewska (Ws). The total Pchlide level as measured by fluorescence spectroscopy varied
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