28 epileptic children with induced secondary nocturnal enuresis in valproate monotherapy.

232 epileptic children without induced secondary nocturnal enuresis in valproate monotherapy.

Epilepsy

Nocturnal Enuresis

The patients' history, clinical, demographic, and laboratory data were acquired.
The following tests and imaging studies are routinely done for epilepsy patients receiving valproate treatment and developed nocturnal enuresis, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Cr), urinary pH (before and after valproate therapy beginning and at enuresis onset), serum levels and therapeutic doses of valproate.
Urinary tract ultrasonography (with full and void bladder).
CT brain and EEG.

Clinical, EEG and laboratory assessment at presentation

Valproate

Mansoura University Hospital

Sleep Architecture in Valproate-induced Nocturnal Enuresis in Primary School and Preschool Children.

PSG in Valproate-induced Nocturnal Enuresis in Children

Follow‐up at least monthly interval for 6 month for the children kept on valproate monotherapy. The incidence of nocturnal enuresis and its frequency were reported

The incidence of the side effects that happened in children during treatment by valproate.

Ahmed Esmael

Assistant Prof of Neurology

All children and their parents were instructed only a verbal behavioral therapy

All participants were instructed a behavioral therapy with a written formed check-list for parents to complete

All children in Group III received desmopressin melt form 120 μg (Minirin, Ferring International center, Switzerland) plus verbal behavioral therapy.

desmopressin melt form 120 μg (Minirin, Ferring International center, Switzerland) once daily before going to bed

desmopressin melt form 120 μg

Verbal behavioral therapy includes reward system, restriction excessive fluid intake, lifting and waking after sleep to urinate, keeping daily voiding diary

Verbal behavioral therapy

Behavioral therapy with written check-list includes reward system, restriction excessive fluid intake, lifting and waking after sleep to urinate, keeping daily voiding diary, ensuring optimal posture to facilitate good bladder function and bowel movements, avoding holding urine, encouring healthy diet

Behavioral therapy with written check-list

Ankara Training and Research Hospital

A New Check-list Method for Nocturnal Enuresis

A New Check-list Method Enhances the Treatment Compliance and Response of Simple Behavioral Therapy for Primary Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis. Prospective Randomised Controlled Trial.

dry nights were checked by daily voiding diary

Muhammet Fatih Kilinc

M.D.

All participants were divided into three groups. Twenty-five children and their parents were instructed only a verbal behavioral therapy, 25 were instructed a behavioral therapy with a written check-list form and 25 children received desmopressin treatment plus verbal behavioral therapy were randomly included in the study.

All subjects will continue a normal diet for 3 days in which questionnaire design and anthropometric measurements will be implemented.

All subjects will be instructed to maintain a low-salt diet for 7 days (3g of salt or 51.3mmol of sodium per day).

After washout period, all subjects will be instructed to maintain a 18g of salt or 307.8mmol of sodium per day.

Lantian county adult salt-sensitive hypertension study is a family-based dietary interventional study. Whole blood specimen was collected from each participant who underwent a chronic salt load and potassium supplementation trial.Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood specimen using the GOLDMAG Whole Blood Genomic DNA Purification Kit.

Hypertension

The protocol comprise a questionnaire survey and physical examination during a 3-day baseline observation period, a low-salt diet for 7 days (3g of salt per day) and a high-salt diet for 7 days (18g of salt per day). During the baseline period, each subject is given detailed dietary instructions to avoid table salt, cooking salt, and high-salt foods for the 17-day study duration. To ensure compliance of study participants with the intervention program, they are required to have their breakfast, lunch, and dinner at the study kitchen under supervision of the study staff during the entire study period. All foods are cooked without salt. Onsite study staff members add repackaged salt to the meals of individual subjects as indicated by the study protocol.

salt

Salt-sensitive Hypertension Study in Lantian County

Genetics Study of Salt-Sensitive Hypertension in a Chinese Population

The study will last approximately 3 months (Oct 2016 to Dec 2016). During this period, each subject will receive a three-day baseline survey examination. Three BPs (mmHg) measurement will be obtained using a Blood Pressure Monitor on the first day of the three-day baseline survey period.

The study will last approximately 3 months (Oct 2016 to Dec 2016). During this period, each subject will receive a three-day baseline survey examination. Ambulatory blood pressure（mmHg）will be measured with Omron Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitor during the three-day baseline survey period

The study will last approximately 3 months (Oct 2016 to Dec 2016). During this period, each subject will receive a three-day baseline survey examination. On the second day, 24-hour urinary will be collected and the concentrations of microalbuminuria in the urine sample will be measured with Hitachi biochemical analyzer. The 24-h microalbuminuria（mg/24h）of each subject is calculated as the concentration of microalbuminuria multiplied by the 24-h urine volume of each individual.

The study will last approximately 3 months (Oct 2016 to Dec 2016). During this period, each subject will receive a three-day baseline survey examination. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity（baPWV, mm/s）will be measured with Noninvasive automatic waveform analyzer during the three-day baseline survey period.

The study will last approximately 3 months (Oct 2016 to Dec 2016). During this period, each subject will receive a seven-day high salt intervention subsequent to a seven-day low salt intervention. DNA methylation will be measured with a method of modifying a hydrogen sulfite salt at the last day of the low salt or high salt intervention.

The study will last approximately 3 months (Oct 2016 to Dec 2016). During this period, each subject will receive a seven-day high salt intervention subsequent to a seven-day low salt intervention. IncRNA will be measured with gene chip technology at the last day of the low salt or high salt intervention.

nocturnal enuresis/kreatinina

Sleep Architecture in Valproate-induced Nocturnal Enuresis in Primary School and Preschool Children.

A New Check-list Method for Nocturnal Enuresis

Salt-sensitive Hypertension Study in Lantian County

The Effect of Indomethacin in Monosymptomatic Enuresis Nocturnal

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