A method of treating Alzheimer's disease is disclosed, not just with palliatives, but in a manner that prevents the progressive degeneration caused by Alzheimer's disease. Certain types of "safener" drugs, which can reduce the neurotoxic damage caused by a potent NMDA antagonist drug such as dizocilpine maleate (also known as MK-801) can also retard the type of corticolimbic damage which, in the brain of a patient who suffers from Alzheimer's disease, results from over-excitation of corticolimbic neurons. This over-excitation is caused or aggravated by NMDA receptor dysfunction in neuronal circuits which normally limit and control excitatory neurotransmitter release within those corticolimbic regions. Safener drugs include various known drugs that can suppress activity at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, sigma receptors, kainic acid receptors, or AMPA receptors. They also include various drugs which can stimulate activity at alpha-2 adrenergic or 5HT-2A serotonin receptors.

Preventing neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer's disease

The present invention relates to deuterium-enriched pyridinonecarboxamides and their derivatives of the formula 1, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, ##STR00001## are partial or full agonists of serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT) receptor subtype 4 (5-HT.sub.4), and are useful compounds for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease, cognitive and memory dysfunction, mild cognition impairment, memory decline, cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia, cognitive impairment associated with age-related dementia or Alzheimer's disease, cognitive impairment associated with post-coronary bypass surgery, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Obsessive compulsive disorder, depression, speech improvement in autistic children, sleep apnea in Alzheimer's patients, Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), irritable bowel syndrome, gastroesophageal reflux disease, Crohn's disease, emesis, nausea, vomiting, prokinesia, non-ulcer dyspepcia, anxiety, depression, pain, migraine, urinary incontinence, arterial fibrillation, arrhythmia, ischemic stroke, gastric emptying disorders, gastritis, gastrointestinal disorders, feeding disorders, obesity, anorexia, constipation, respiratory depression, and erectile dysfunction.

Dhanoa; Daljit Singh

Deuterium-enriched pyridinonecarboxamides and derivatives

Agents which contains a serotonin derivative as an active ingredient are effective for improving hemodynamics and for preventing or improving deterioration of hemodynamics associated with aging and progression of cardiovascular diseases.

serotonin/atrofi

Preventing neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer's disease

Deuterium-enriched pyridinonecarboxamides and derivatives

Hemodynamics improving agent

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