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Cell biology of pulmonary neuroepithelial bodies--validation of an in vitro model. I. Effects of hypoxia and Ca2+ ionophore on serotonin content and exocytosis of dense core vesicles.
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Pulmonary neuroendocrine (NE) cells including the innervated clusters of NE cells--neuroepithelial bodies (NEB)--are difficult to study because of their small numbers and diffuse distribution within the airway mucosa of the lung. We have previously reported a method for isolation and culture of NE
Postnatal loss of brainstem serotonin neurones compromises the ability of neonatal rats to survive episodic severe hypoxia.
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Pet-1(-/-) mice with a prenatal, genetically induced loss of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) neurones are compromised in their ability to withstand episodic environmental anoxia via autoresuscitation. Given the prenatal role of 5-HT neurones in the development of neural networks, here we ask
Treatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine, attenuates the fish hypoxia response.
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The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluoxetine (FLX), the active ingredient of the antidepressant drug Prozac, inhibits reuptake of the neurotransmitter, serotonin (5-HT; 5-hydroxytryptamine), into cells by the 5-HT transporter (SERT). Given the role of 5-HT in oxygen detection and the
Serotonin receptor blockade improves cardiac output and hypoxia in porcine ARDS.
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The effects of the serotonin receptor blocker, ketanserin, were studied in a porcine Pseudomonas adult respiratory distress syndrome model. Swine, weighing 14-30 kg, were anesthetized and ventilated with 0.5 FiO2 and 5 cm H2O positive end expiratory pressure. Three groups were studied: saline
Influence of diet and hypoxia on brain serotonin and catecholamines in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri).
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1. In the brain of Salmo gairdneri, the content of dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-HT), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) depends upon the location in the brain (hypothalamus, telencephalon or mesencephalon). 2. The origin of feed protein (from animal or vegetal origin)
Interactive effects of hypoxia with estradiol-17β on tryptophan hydroxylase activity and serotonin levels in the Atlantic croaker hypothalamus.
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Hypoxia causes a marked decline in reproductive neuroendocrine function in Atlantic croaker due to decreases in the hypothalamic expression and activities of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH, the rate limiting enzyme in serotonin synthesis) and aromatase. In the present study, the influence of the
Evidence for an antagonistic action of tabernanthine on hypoxia-induced changes in brain serotonin levels.
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The effects of tabernanthine on serotonin (5-HT) levels were determined in several brain areas of rats exposed to various simulated altitudes (1800, 5200, 7000 m). The 5-HT synthesis inhibitor, para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA), was used to dissociate the effects occurring at synthesis and release
Serotonin transporter is not required for the development of severe pulmonary hypertension in the Sugen hypoxia rat model.
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Increased serotonin serum levels have been proposed to play a key role in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) by regulating vessel tone and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. An intact serotonin system, which critically depends on a normal function of the serotonin transporter (SERT), is
Ventilatory long-term facilitation is evident after initial and repeated exposure to intermittent hypoxia in mice genetically depleted of brain serotonin.
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Our study was designed to determine if central nervous system (CNS) serotonin is required for the induction of ventilatory long-term facilitation (LTF) in intact, spontaneously breathing mice. Nineteen tryptophan hydroxylase 2-deficient (Tph2(-/-)) mice, devoid of serotonin in the CNS, and their
Sites of pulmonary vasomotor reactivity in the dog during alveolar hypoxia and serotonin and histamine infusion.
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In order to evaluate separately changes in vascular tone occurring in arteries and veins, we measured pulmonary capillary red blood cell (RBC) concentration under zone II (waterfall) conditions in isolated dog lungs rapidly frozen with Freon 12. The lungs were frozen while being perfused from artery
Serotonin is localized in endothelial cells of coronary arteries and released during hypoxia: a possible new mechanism for hypoxia-induced vasodilatation of the rat heart.
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In this report we demonstrate the immunocytochemical localization of serotonin in endothelial cells of rat coronary vessels and a significant increase in the release of serotonin into the perfusate of Langendorff rat heart preparations during hypoxia. It is suggested that serotonin, localized in
Ventilatory adaptation to hypoxia occurs in serotonin-depleted rats.
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To test the hypothesis that serotonin mediated respiratory activity is involved in ventilatory adaptation to hypoxia, rats were treated with parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA), a potent, long-acting inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of serotonin. In
Effect of chronic in vivo exposure to hypoxia on serotonin uptake by isolated rats lungs.
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1. Previously, we have shown that exposure to hypoxia stimulates serotonin uptake by cultured bovine pulmonary arterial endothelial cells. 2. In the present study, lungs isolated from rats exposed to 24 h, 48 h or 14 days of hypobaric hypoxia (0.43 or 0.5 atm) manifested no alteration of serotonin
[Serotonin immunoreactivity in the adrenal medullar in hypoxia].
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Laboratory rats were exposed to influence of intermittent hypoxia every other day during the period of 11 days. Conditions similar to those of 7000 meters above sea level were imitated. Using the method of indirect immunofluorescence the state of serotonin immunoreactivity of the adrenal glands
[The dynamics of serotonin in tissues in acute hypoxia (the phenomenon and its possible significance].
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Serotonin (5HT) decreased in the bone marrow and renal cortex, and hyperserotoninemia developed immediately after one-hour hypoxia. Six-hour hypoxia was followed by an additional decrease of 5-HT in the kidney, medulla, spleen and thymus. Phasic changes of the 5-HT TOOK PLACE at the posthypoxic
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