theobromine/obesitas

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Inflammatory Microenvironment and Adipogenic Differentiation in Obesity: The Inhibitory Effect of Theobromine in a Model of Human Obesity In Vitro.

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Obesity is considered a clinic condition characterized by a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. The role of macrophages and adipocytokines in adipose tissue inflammation is in growing investigation. The physiopathological mechanisms involved in inflammatory state in obesity are

Theobromine consumption does not improve fasting and postprandial vascular function in overweight and obese subjects.

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UNASSIGNED Theobromine, a component of cocoa, may favorably affect conventional lipid-related cardiovascular risk markers, but effects on flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and other vascular function markers are not known. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of 4-week theobromine consumption (500 mg/day)

Theobromine alleviates diet-induced obesity in mice via phosphodiesterase-4 inhibition.

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Modern science has given much attention to the treatment of obesity by activating brown adipose tissue (BAT) and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT). Recent studies have identified theobromine, a derivative of cocoa, as a potent natural component actively browning white fat cells.

Theobromine intoxication in a red fox and a European badger in Sweden.

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A red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and a European badger (Meles meles) were found dead on a golf-course in October 1997 near Stockholm (Sweden). At necropsy, both animals were obese and the main finding was acute circulatory collapse. Theobromine intoxication was suspected as chocolate waste was available at

Effects of caffeine on energy metabolism, heart rate, and methylxanthine metabolism in lean and obese women.

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The magnitude of coffee-induced thermogenesis and the influence of coffee ingestion on substrate oxidation were investigated in 10 lean and 10 obese women, over two 24-h periods in a respiratory chamber. On one occasion the subjects consumed caffeinated coffee and on the other occasion,

Theobromine Does Not Affect Fasting and Postprandial HDL Cholesterol Efflux Capacity, While It Decreases Fasting miR-92a Levels in Humans.

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Chocolate consumption lowers cardiovascular disease risk, which might be attributed to the methylxanthine theobromine. These effects may be mediated through effects on HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux, which may be affected by microRNA (miRNA) levels in the HDL particles. Therefore, the aim of this

Theobromine inhibits differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells during the early stage of adipogenesis via AMPK and MAPK signaling pathways.

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Obesity is characterized by hypertrophy and/or by the differentiation or adipogenesis of pre-existing adipocytes. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of theobromine, a type of alkaloid in cocoa, on adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and its mechanisms of action.

The urinary metabolomic profile following the intake of meals supplemented with a cocoa extract in middle-aged obese subjects.

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Metabolomics is used to assess the compliance and bioavailability of food components, as well as to evaluate the metabolic changes associated with food consumption. This study aimed to analyze the effect of consuming ready-to-eat meals containing a cocoa extract, within an energy restricted diet on

Xanthine derivatives as activators of alpha-amylase: hypothesis on a link with the hyperglycemia induced by caffeine.

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CONCLUSIONS Inhibitors of the mammalian alpha-amylases have been widely studied as medicines to be used in diabetes and obesity. However, there are few reports on activation of the enzyme, which could be detrimental in those conditions. Here, the effect of purine-derivated compounds has been studied

Effects of chronic administration of caffeine and stress on feeding behavior of rats.

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Anorectic effects of caffeine are controversial in the literature, while stress and obesity are growing problems in our society. Since many stressed people are coffee drinkers, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of stress and chronic administration of caffeine on feeding

Fubrick tea attenuates high-fat diet induced fat deposition and metabolic disorder by regulating gut microbiota and caffeine metabolism

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Fubrick tea aqueous extract (FTEs) has been reported to improve lipid metabolism and gut microbiota communities in mice and humans. However, it is still unclear how FTEs prevents obesity through gut microbiota, and whether some other regulatory mechanisms are involved in the process. Here, we found

Association Between Plasma Caffeine and Other Methylxanthines and Metabolic Parameters in a Psychiatric Population Treated With Psychotropic Drugs Inducing Metabolic Disturbances.

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Importance: Multiple studies conducted in the general population identified an association between self-reported coffee consumption and plasma lipid levels. To date, no study assessed whether and which plasma methylxanthines (caffeine and/or its metabolites, i.e., paraxanthine, theophylline, and

Cocoa phytochemicals: recent advances in molecular mechanisms on health.

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Recent reports on cocoa are appealing in that a food commonly consumed for pure pleasure might also bring tangible benefits for human health. Cocoa consumption is correlated with reduced health risks of cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and cancer, and the health-promoting

The effect of nutritional factors on sex hormone levels in male twins.

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Dietary intake has been hypothesized as being associated with several hormonally related cancers including prostate, breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancer. Because diet may affect hormones directly, it is logical to examine the effects of dietary factors on hormone production and levels.

Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of natural methylxanthines in animal and man.

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Caffeine, theophylline, theobromine, and paraxanthine administered to animals and humans distribute in all body fluids and cross all biological membranes. They do not accumulate in organs or tissues and are extensively metabolized by the liver, with less than 2% of caffeine administered excreted

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