anticholinergic/vefjadrep

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Tumor necrosis factor alpha induces a serotonin dependent early increase in ciliary beat frequency and epithelial transport velocity in murine tracheae.

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The tracheal epithelium prevents via its highly effective clearance mechanism the contamination of the lower airways by pathogens. This mechanism is driven by ciliary bearing cells which are not only in contact with the gas phase; in addition they are also influenced by inflammatory mediators. These

[Quetiapine and anticholinergic drugs induced ischaemic colitis: A case study].

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BACKGROUND The aim of this paper is to underline the need for systematic monitoring of patients treated with anticholinergic antipsychotic drugs. We present the clinical history of a 34-year-old adult, treated with quetiapine in combination with other drugs with anticholinergic effects. METHODS A

Effects of an anticholinergic and a corticosteroid on acute pancreatitis in experimental dogs.

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In a model developed to study acute pancreatitis in the dog, the disease process was comparable with the spontaneously occurring disease. Infusion of oleic acid into the accessory pancreatic duct induced, grossly and microscopically, acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis with pancreatic atrophy, fibrosis,

Effects of early administration of a novel anticholinergic drug on acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by sepsis.

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BACKGROUND Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the inflammatory disorder of the lung most commonly caused by sepsis. It was hypothesized that treating the lung with penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC), a new type of hyoscyamus drug, early in the development of sepsis could diminish the lung

Sulfur mustard induced mast cell degranulation in mouse skin is inhibited by a novel anti-inflammatory and anticholinergic bifunctional prodrug.

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Sulfur mustard (SM, bis(2-chloroethyl sulfide) is a potent vesicating agent known to cause skin inflammation, necrosis and blistering. Evidence suggests that inflammatory cells and mediators that they generate are important in the pathogenic responses to SM. In the present studies we investigated

Preclinical profiles of the novel reversible MAO-A inhibitors, moclobemide and brofaromine, in comparison with irreversible MAO inhibitors.

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Acceptance into clinical practice of monoamine oxidase (MAO) antidepressants requires unequivocal evidence that novel, non-hepatotoxic and reversible MAO-A inhibitors carry little or no risk of inducing severe hypertensive crises (cheese effect). This study summarizes the most relevant preclinical

Diisopropylphosphorofluoridate-induced cholinergic hyperactivity and lipid peroxidation.

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In the present study, the association between acetylcholine (ACh)-induced muscle necrosis and the appearance of lipid peroxidation products was investigated. Lipid peroxidation in this injury was quantified by the malondialdehyde-thiobarbituric acid complex (TBA-MDA) using HPLC. To induce muscle

Carbachol alleviates rat cytokine release and organ dysfunction induced by lipopolysaccharide.

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BACKGROUND To observe the influence of carbachol on inflammatory cytokine release and its protective role on organ function in rat endotoxemia model, and, furthermore, to investigate its receptor mechanism in rat peritoneal macrophages in vitro. METHODS In the animal experiments, Wistar rats were

Time course of increased vulnerability of cholinergic neurotransmission following traumatic brain injury in the rat.

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We have previously shown that spatial memory changes following experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI) include long-term changes that are (1) 'overt': detected by routine behavioral assessments, or (2) 'covert': undetected in the absence of a secondary pharmacological challenge, such as by the

[Serious plant poisonings in Switzerland 1966-1994. Case analysis from the Swiss Toxicology Information Center].

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OBJECTIVE To analyze the types, frequency and severity of plant poisonings in Switzerland over 29 years. METHODS Retrospective analysis of severe poisonings with toxic plants reported to the Swiss Toxicological Information Center (STIC). Assessment of the causality, severity of symptoms and the

Comparative Effectiveness of Transurethral Prostate Procedures at Enabling Urologic Medication Discontinuation: a Retrospective Analysis.

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To test the hypothesis that transurethral prostate procedures (TUPPs) eliminating tissue result in greater medication discontinuation and lower de-novo initiation rates than procedures inducing tissue necrosis.Retrospective review of all men undergoing

[Effects of serum derived from rats undergone auricular acupuncture intervention on expression of TNF-alpha mRNA, cell adhesion factor-1 and vascular intercellular adhesion molecule-1 proteins of incubated cerebral microvascular endotheliocytes with diabetic injury].

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OBJECTIVE To observe the protective effect of serum derived from rats undergone auricular electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation on the incubated cerebral microvascular endotheliocytes with diabetic injury so as to investigate the underlying mechanism of cholinergic anti-inflammatory action. METHODS SD

Reserpine, vagal adrenergic activity and stress-induced acute gastric mucosal injury in the rat.

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1. Stress activates the hypothalamus causing central adrenergic discharge and stimulation of the autonomic sympathetic system. Reserpine produces the same effect and, therefore, its acute gastric mucosal injury is stress-induced. This injury was employed in the gastric diversion rat, a model for

Neuroprotective effects of imidazenil against chemical warfare nerve agent soman toxicity in guinea pigs.

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The chemical warfare nerve agent, soman irreversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) leading to hypercholinergy and seizures which trigger glutamate toxicity and status epilepticus ultimately resulting in neuropathology and neurobehavioral deficits. The standard emergency treatment comprising

Ipratropium bromide-mediated myocardial injury in in vitro models of myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion.

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Ipratropium bromide, a nonselective muscarinic antagonist, is widely prescribed for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Analyses of COPD patients, with underlying ischaemic heart disease, receiving anticholinergics, have indicated increased risk of severity and occurrence

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