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Emergency management of distal limb and skull fractures in horses is vital to the successful outcome of these cases. Distal limb fractures, in particular, require careful assessment and counseling of the owner as well as adequate stabilization or coaptation of the fracture. Horses with limb or skull
Retinal hemorrhages and visual field defects can occur as complications of optic nerve drusen. The visual defects of optic drusen are of three types: (1) concentric constriction of the field, (2) enlargement of the blind spot, and (3) nerve fiber bundle defects. Retinal hemorrhages also fall into
High-field MRI is capable of differentiating acute, subacute, and chronic hemorrhagic cortical infarctions. In eight of nine patients, hemorrhage occurred in a vascular watershed zone. Acute hemorrhagic cortical infarction produces mild cortical low intensity on T2-weighted images outlined by
Future expeditionary missions are expected to occur in more remote austere environments where combat medics and casualties may have to wait up to 7 days before resupply or safe evacuation. Currently, there is no effective fluid therapy for hemorrhagic shock (HS) at the point-of-injury and
Interpretation of the fields of vision forms a key part of ophthalmic and neurologic examinations. The homonymous hemianopa is a hallmark of a retrochiasmal lesion. Postchiasmal lesions that interrupt the visual pathway may have multiple causes which the circulatory disturbances is one of the most
Hemorrhage is the most preventable cause of death in civilian and military trauma, and despite tremendous advances in patient transport in the field, survival within the first hour has changed little over the past 40 years. The pathogenesis of trauma-induced coagulopathy is multifactorial, but most
Background: Most surgeons now accept lymphadenectomy as an essential feature of the operative treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Three-field and two-field lymphadenectomy are two of the most popular excision scopes among
Unexpected visual evoked responses (VERs) were recorded in 5 subjects with tumoral, ischemic or hemorrhagic lesions of the retrochiasmatic visual pathways. The flash pattern stimulation was always binocular and involved full-field and half-field stimuli. In these 5 cases, the total field VER was