monosaccharide/atrophy

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Highly sensitive detection of monosaccharides on microchip electrophoresis using pH discontinuous solution system.

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We improved the detection sensitivity of neutral and amino monosaccharides labeled with 2-aminoacridone by a factor of 19.6-48.7 and 44.4-65.9, respectively, with no deterioration in separation resolution, using a pH discontinuous solution system instead of the conventional solution system. The pH

An Escherichia coli strain that causes diarrhea by invasion of the small intestinal mucosa and induces monosaccharide intolerance.

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E. coli can induced diarrhea either by enterotoxin production or by invasion of the colonic mucosa. Here we report a 2/12 year old infant with caute diarrhea induced by E. coli strain, isolated from the jejunal fluid, that had no enterotoxigenic activity but invaded the small intestinal mucosa and

Protracted diarrhoea: secondary monosaccharide malabsorption and zinc deficiency with cutaneous manifestations during total parenteral nutrition.

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Protracted diarrhoea in early infancy gives rise to many diagnostic and therapeutic problems. Jejunal biopsy often reveals villous atrophy of varying degrees. Severe reduction of small intestinal absorptive area causes secondary monosaccharide malabsorption, as well as secondary disaccharide

Jejunal microvilli atrophy and reduced nutrient transport in rats with advanced liver cirrhosis: improvement by Insulin-like Growth Factor I.

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BACKGROUND Previous results have shown that in rats with non-ascitic cirrhosis there is an altered transport of sugars and amino acids associated with elongated microvilli. These alterations returned to normal with the administration of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I (IGF-I). The aims of this study

Sialic acid deficiency is associated with oxidative stress leading to muscle atrophy and weakness in GNE myopathy.

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Sialic acids are monosaccharides found in terminal sugar chains of cell surfaces and proteins; they have various biological functions and have been implicated in health and disease. Genetic defects of the GNE gene which encodes a critical bifunctional enzyme for sialic acid biosynthesis, lead to GNE

Carbon allocation in ectomycorrhizas: identification and expression analysis of an Amanita muscaria monosaccharide transporter.

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Ectomycorrhizas are formed between certain soil fungi and fine roots of predominantly woody plants. An important feature of this symbiosis is the supply of plant-derived carbohydrates to the fungus. As a first step toward a better understanding of the molecular basis of this process, we cloned a

Catalytic formation of monosaccharides: from the formose reaction towards selective synthesis.

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The formose reaction (FR) has been long the focus of intensive investigations as a simple method for synthesis of complex biologically important monosaccharides and other sugar-like molecules from the simplest organic substrate-formaldehyde. The fundamental importance of the FR is predominantly

Elevation of the post-translational modification of proteins by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine leads to deterioration of the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in the pancreas of diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats.

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Many nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins are O-glycosylated on serine or threonine residues with the monosaccharide beta-N-acetylglucosamine, which is then termed O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). It has been shown that abnormal O-GlcNAc modification (O-GlcNAcylation) of proteins is one of the

Abnormal intestinal permeability to sugars in villous atrophy.

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Intestinal permeability to a monosaccharide and a disaccharide was compared by simultaneous measurement of the urinary excretion of L-rhamnose and lactulose after oral ingestion of an hypertonic solution containing both sugars. Urine samples were analysed for sugar content by quantitative thin-layer

Evaluation of the liquid chromatographic separation of monosaccharides, disaccharides, trisaccharides, tetrasaccharides, deoxysaccharides and sugar alcohols with stable cyclodextrin bonded phase columns.

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Both alpha- and beta-cyclodextrin (CD) bonded phase columns were evaluated for their ability to separate carbohydrates and related molecules. Chromatographic data on approximately 50 solutes are reported. Mobile phases consisting of acetonitrile-water or acetone-water produce the best separations.

Processing of Coconut Sap into Sugar Syrup using Rotary Evaporation, Microwave and Open-Heat Evaporation Techniques.

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Coconut sugar has caramel colour with taste like brown sugar is commonly used as natural sweetener. However, coconut sugar was generally produced from coconut sap using a traditional method which is by heating the sap at high temperature (>100°C) in an open pan for long hours (3-5

Comparative studies of adaptive responses of fatty acid synthetase activities in rat liver and adipose tissue.

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The specific activities of the fatty acid synthetases in the cytosolic fraction of livers and epididymal fat pads from fed, fasted or refed rats were determined. Refed rats received diets which provided, as the primary energy sources, sucrose or starch (75%) or both (59%) with beef tallow or

Hydrogen concentration in expired air analyzed with a new hydrogen sensor, plasma glucose rise, and symptoms of lactose intolerance after oral administration of 100 gram lactose.

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A rapid breath hydrogen analyzer to detect lactose malabsorption is described. After ingestion of a lactose solution the patient expires into a mouthpiece attached to a hydrogen sensor at 30-min intervals for 3 1/2 h. The hydrogen of the expired air causes a voltage change that can be transformed

[Studies on physico-chemical properties and hypoglycemic activity of complex polysaccharide AMP-B from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz].

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OBJECTIVE To isolate a complex polysaccharide (AMP-B) from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz and study its phtsico-chemical properties and hypoglycemic activity. METHODS The root of Atractylodes macrocephala K. was extracted with water and precipitated with ethanol, dialyzed against water and

Intestinal permeability tests in coeliac disease.

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Intestinal permeability tests have been used to screen for a wide range of small intestinal diseases, including coeliac disease and enteric infections. Several probe molecules have been used to investigate intestinal permeability including monosaccharides, disaccharides, 51Cr-EDTA and

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