picea spinulosa/vefjadrep

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Detection and measurement of necrosis in plants.

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Necrosis plays a fundamental role in plant physiology and pathology. When plants or plant cell cultures are subjected to abiotic stress they initiate rapid cell death with necrotic morphology. Likewise, when plants are attacked by pathogens, they develop necrotic lesions, the reaction known as

Gas exchange and growth responses of ectomycorrhizal Picea mariana, Picea glauca, and Pinus banksiana seedlings to NaCl and Na2SO4.

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Black spruce (PICEA MARIANA), white spruce (PICEA GLAUCA), and jack pine (PINUS BANKSIANA) seedlings were inoculated with HEBELOMA CRUSTULINIFORME or LACCARIA BICOLOR and subjected to NaCl and Na (2)SO (4) treatments. The effects of ectomycorrhizas on salt uptake, growth, gas exchange, and needle

In situ experimental freezing produces symptoms of winter injury in red spruce foliage.

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Two mechanisms have been proposed to explain winter injury to needles of red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.): (1) desiccation, which is characterized by net loss of foliar water from the needle to the environment, with cell injury resulting from dehydration; and (2) freezing, which is characterized by

Rapid freezing injury in red spruce: seasonal changes in sensitivity and effects of temperature range.

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On calm, cold days in winter, sun-exposed needles of red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) may warm 10 to 20 degrees C above ambient air temperature, and undergo rapid (>/= 1 degrees C min(-1)) fluctuations in temperature as light breezes or passing clouds alter the energy balance of the foliage. It has

Real-time PCR-based monitoring of DNA pools in the tri-trophic interaction between Norway spruce, the rust Thekopsora areolata, and an opportunistic ascomycetous Phomopsis sp.

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The difficulty in subculturing biotrophic fungi complicates etiological studies related to the associated plant diseases. By employing internal transcribed spacer rDNA-targeted quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, we now show that the heteroecious rust Thekopsora areolata, commonly

Host responses in Norway spruce roots induced to the pathogen Ceratocystis polonica are evaded or suppressed by the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor.

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The outcome of a compatible mycorrhizal interaction is different from that in a compatible plant-pathogen interaction; however, it is not clear what mechanisms are used to evade or suppress the host defence. The aim of this work is to reveal differences between the interaction of Norway spruce roots

First Report of Dieback Disease on Cedars Caused by Diplodia seriata in China.

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Cedars (Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) G. Don) are well known as evergreen ornamental trees widely used in horticulture in temperate climates. In March 2013, dieback symptoms were found on cedar trees in different locations (including the campus of Nanyang Normal University) in Nanyang (33°01' N, 112°29'

Root Rot of Black Spruce Caused by Cylindrocladium canadense in Eastern North America.

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During October 2002, symptoms of root rot of black spruce, Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P., were observed in the St-Modeste (47°46'N, 69°36'W) conifer nursery (400 km northeast of Montreal, Quebec, Canada). Disease severity was low in the greenhouse-produced mother plants and 1-year-old seedlings and

Occurrence and pathogenicity of Corinectria spp. - an emerging canker disease of Abies sibirica in Central Siberia.

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During recent years, a new disease of Siberian fir (A. sibirica) emerged in Central Siberia, exhibiting symptoms of stem/branch deformation, cambium necrosis, and dieback of branches and twigs, the causal agent remaining unknown. The aim was to identify agent of the disease and to investigate its

Immunomodulatory activity of the lignan 7-hydroxymatairesinol potassium acetate (HMR/lignan) extracted from the heartwood of Norway spruce (Picea abies).

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The pharmacological profile of the lignan 7-hydroxymatairesinol (HMR/lignan, HMR) includes chemopreventive effects, antioxidant properties, and mild proestrogenic activity. The present study was devised to investigate the effects of HMR on THP-1 cells, an established model of human monocytes, and on

Application of methyl jasmonate on Picea abies (Pinaceae) stems induces defense-related responses in phloem and xylem.

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Application of 100 mmol/L methyl jasmonate (MJ) to the intact bark of 30-yr-old Norway spruce induced anatomical reactions related to defense. Within 30 d, a single MJ treatment induced swelling of existing polyphenolic parenchyma cells (PP cells) and an increase in their phenolic contents and

Responses of black spruce (Picea mariana) and tamarack (Larix laricina) to flooding and ethylene.

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Black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) and tamarack (Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch) are the predominant tree species in the boreal peatlands of Alberta, Canada, where low nutrient availability, low soil temperature and a high water table limit their growth. Effects of flooding for 28 days on

Lignans 7-hydroxymatairesinol and 7-hydroxymatairesinol 2 exhibit anti-inflammatory activity in human aortic endothelial cells.

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METHODS In the present study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory properties of several plant lignans most commonly distributed in foods. 7-Hydroxymatairesinol (HMR) and its major isomer 7-hydroxymatairesinol 2 (HMR2), lariciresinol, secoisolariciresinol, and pinoresinol, isolated from Norway spruce

Methyl jasmonate induces changes mimicking anatomical defenses in diverse members of the Pinaceae.

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Conifers have defenses such as the production of phenolic compounds and resins that can be induced by bark beetles and other invading organisms, but the signaling agents involved are unknown. The anatomical effects of methyl jasmonate (MJ), a potent inducer of certain plant defenses, were compared

Hydroperoxides in plants exposed to ozone mediate air pollution damage to alkene emitters.

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OZONE is phytotoxic: it is damaging to cell integrity and photosynthesis(1,2), causing leaf necrosis(3) and reducing crop yield(4). It has been implicated in forest decline(5), perhaps through interactions with stress ethene(6). Here we show that organic hydroperoxides (ROOH), which are products of

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