spinacia oleracea/triacylglycerol

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Subcellular localization of triacylglycerol synthesis in spinach leaves.

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The subcellular location of diacylglycerol acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.20) in spinach leaves (Spinacia oleracea L. cv. Longstanding Bloomsdale) was determined after sucrose-gradient centrifugation of tissue homogenates. Enzyme activity was associated primarily with gradient fractions containing oil

Conversion of monogalactosyldiacylglycerols to triacylglycerols in ozone-fumigated spinach leaves.

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Molecular species and fatty acid distribution of triacylglycerol (TG) accumulated in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) leaves fumigated with ozone (0.5 microliter per liter) were compared with those of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG). Analysis of positional distribution of the fatty acids in MGDG

The action of phosphatidate phosphatase on the fatty-acid composition of safflower triacylglycerol and spinach glycerolipids.

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The microsomal phosphatidate phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.4) in maturing seeds of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) was specific and selective for unsaturated phosphatidates. The relative order of specificity for phosphatidate molecular species was 1,2-dilinoleoyl = 1,2-dioleoyl > 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl >

Pathway for the synthesis of triacylglycerols from monogalactosyldiacylglycerols in ozone-fumigated spinach leaves.

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When the upper leaf surface of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) plants was treated with [1-(14)C]acetate and grown for 2 days, (14)C was effectively incorporated into acyl moieties of leaf lipids in ratios approximately their composition by mass. Fumigation of the plants with ozone (0.5 microliter per

Effect of simultaneous, single oral doses of beta-carotene with lutein or lycopene on the beta-carotene and retinyl ester responses in the triacylglycerol-rich lipoprotein fraction of men.

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The effects of lutein and lycopene on beta-carotene absorption and cleavage were investigated in 12 male subjects. Responses of carotenoids and retinyl palmitate in the triacylglycerol-rich lipoprotein (TRL) fraction after a separate 15-mg beta-carotene dose were compared with those after a dose of

Effects of fats and oils on the bioaccessibility of carotenoids and vitamin E in vegetables.

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The low bioavailability of lipophilic micronutrients is mainly caused by their limited solubilization to an aqueous micelle, which hinders their ability to be taken up by the intestines. Bioaccessibility is the ratio of the solubilized portion to the whole amount ingested. We evaluated in this study

Effects of spinach leaf protein concentrate on the serum cholesterol and amino acid concentrations in rats fed a cholesterol-free diet.

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The effects of spinach leaf protein concentrate (SPPC) on serum and liver lipid concentrations and on serum free amino acid concentrations were examined in rats fed a cholesterol-free diet containing 2 and 10% fats. The serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol and phospholipid concentrations in the

Comparison of the postprandial chylomicron carotenoid responses in young and older subjects.

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BACKGROUND The plant carotenoids may contribute to the beneficial health effect of fruits- and vegetables-rich diet. Epidemiological studies consistently associated high plasma carotenoids status with reduced age-related diseases. However, the data concerning the bioavailability of carotenoids in

Dietary ALA from Spinach Enhances Liver n-3 Fatty Acid Content to Greater Extent than Linseed Oil in Mice Fed Equivalent Amounts of ALA.

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Although several works have reported absorption rate differences of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) bound to different lipid forms, such as ethyl ester, triacylglycerol (TAG), and phospholipids, no studies have investigated the effect of n-3 PUFA from glycolipids (GL). The present study

Degradation of monogalactosyl diglyceride and digalactosyl diglyceride by sheep pancreatic enzymes.

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1. Saline extract of sheep pancreas acetone-dried powder was shown to catalyse acyl ester hydrolysis of spinach leaf galactosyl diglycerides and also galactosylglucosyl diglyceride of Lactobacillus casei. 2. Sodium deoxycholate stimulated the enzyme activity. Ca(2+) had no effect on the hydrolysis

Determination of stereochemical configuration of the glycerol moieties in glycoglycerolipids by chiral phase high-performance liquid chromatography.

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This study reports a simple and sensitive method for determining the absolute configuration of the glycerol moieties in glycoglycerolipids. The method is based on chiral phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separations of enantiomeric di- and monoacylglycerols released from

Coenzyme A biosynthesis in plants: partial purification and characterization of pantothenate kinase from spinach.

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A study of the biosynthesis of coenzyme A (CoA), a critical cofactor in the metabolism of lipids and other molecules in higher plants, was initiated. Pantothenate kinase was partially purified from spinach leaves. This enzyme was predominantly localized in the chloroplast with very little activity

Metabolism of exogenous long-chain fatty acids by spinach leaves.

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When applied in liquid paraffin to the upper surface of expanding spinach leaves, [1-14C]palmitic acid was efficiently and exclusively incorporated into the sn-1 position of cellular glycerolipids, principally phosphatidylcholine and triacylglycerol. A slow transfer of fatty acids from

Free Fatty acids regulate two galactosyltransferases in chloroplast envelope membranes isolated from spinach leaves.

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Effects of MgCl(2) and free fatty acids (FFA) on galactolipid:galactolipid galactosyltransferase (GGGT) and UDP-galactose: 1,2-diacylglycerol galactosyltransferase (UDGT) in chloroplast envelope membranes isolated from spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) leaves were examined. GGGT activity was

Exopolysaccharides from milk fermented by lactic acid bacteria enhance dietary carotenoid bioavailability in humans in a randomized crossover trial and in rats.

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Dietary supplementation with carotenoids can have beneficial health effects, but carotenoids are poorly absorbed.We aimed to evaluate how milk fermented by lactic acid bacteria affects dietary carotenoid bioavailability in humans and rats and to investigate

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