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Plasma tryptophan and anorexia in human cancer.

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A correlation between anorexia and brain levels of serotonin and tryptophan (TRP) has been reported in tumor-bearing animals. In the present investigation 45 patients with various types of cancer and 13 control subjects were studied. Prior to the study the patients had received no antineoplastic

Biochemical and behavioural effects of acute tryptophan depletion in abstinent bulimic subjects: a pilot study.

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We studied the effect of acute tryptophan (TRP) depletion in a group of eight abstinent bulimic (BN) subjects and in 12 healthy female controls. Despite being free of episodes of binge-eating and vomiting for a prolonged period, the abstinent BN subjects still appeared to practice dietary restrain

RNA-Seq reveals inflammatory mechanisms of Xiao-Ban-Xia-Tang decoction to ameliorate cisplatin-induced emesis in a rat pica model

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Objectives: Xiao-Ban-Xia-Tang decoction (XBXT), an antiemetic formula in traditional Chinese medicine, has been proved to be a potential treatment for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), but the underlying mechanisms are not

[Toxicity and tolerance of tryptophan and its metabolites].

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For the therapeutic use of tryptophan it is necessary to know its toxicity and pharmacological effects; but very few data are reported in literature on these aspects. On the other hand there are many researches on tryptophan metabolism after a load test and related side effects. From these data it

Effect of fusaric acid on brain regional neurochemistry and vomiting behavior in swine.

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Fusaric (5-butylpicolinic) acid is a phytotoxin produced especially by Fusarium moniliforme, a mold commonly found in Canadian-grown corn. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of acute doses of fusaric acid on brain neurochemistry and behavior in swine. A total of 40 crossbred barrows

Tryptophan depletion as a clinical tool: Current status and future directions.

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The neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) plays important roles in many basic functions: mood, feeding, anxiety, sleep, emesis, sexual function, thermoregulation, and cardiovascular tone. Over the past 10 years, tryptophan depletion (TD) studies of 5-HT function have emerged as an

Modulation of peripheral serotonin levels by novel tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitors for the potential treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders.

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The discovery of a novel class of peripheral tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) inhibitors is described. This class of TPH inhibitors exhibits excellent potency in in vitro biochemical and cell-based assays, and it selectively reduces serotonin levels in the murine intestine after oral administration

Testmeal responses following m-chlorophenylpiperazine and L-tryptophan in bulimics and controls.

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A wealth of data support a role for serotonin (5-HT) function in the mediation of satiety responses, that are impaired in patients with bulimia nervosa. Testmeal results are presented in which 26 bulimic patients and 17 normal controls were given in randomized, double-blind-fashion, placebo, and the

Substituted 3-(4-(1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-phenyl)-2-aminopropanoic acids as novel tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitors.

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Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of serotonin. As a neurotransmitter, serotonin plays important physiological roles both peripherally and centrally. Here we describe the discovery of substituted triazines as a novel class of tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitors. This class

Effects of acute tryptophan depletion on brain serotonin function and concentrations of dopamine and norepinephrine in C57BL/6J and BALB/cJ mice.

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Acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) is a method of lowering brain serotonin (5-HT). Administration of large neutral amino acids (LNAA) limits the transport of endogenous tryptophan (TRP) across the blood brain barrier by competition with other LNAAs and subsequently decreases serotonergic

Association study in eating disorders: TPH2 associates with anorexia nervosa and self-induced vomiting.

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Twin studies suggest that genetic factors play a substantial role in anorexia nervosa (AN) and self-induced vomiting (SV), a key symptom that is shared among different types of eating disorders (EDs). We investigated the association of 25 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), capturing 71-91% of

Safety of L-tryptophan for pigs.

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Epidemic eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS) associated with excess L-tryptophan (Trp) consumption in humans has been declared a major public health problem. The EMS problem has not been observed in pigs, nor has comprehensive pathology associated with EMS in humans been described. Experiments were

Acute tryptophan depletion in accordance with body weight: influx of amino acids across the blood-brain barrier.

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Acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) is a method of reducing central nervous serotonin (5-HT) synthesis in humans by administering an amino acid (AA) beverage lacking in tryptophan (TRP), the physiological precursor of 5-HT. However, to date, the use of conventional ATD protocols in children and

Effect of cisplatin and paclitaxel on plasma free tryptophan levels. An in vitro study.

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Emesis is a common side effect of some antineoplastic drugs. Cisplatin (CP) induces a biphasic pattern of emesis referred to as acute (AE) and delayed (DE) emesis. The serotonergic system plays a major role in the pathogenesis of CP-induced AE, as suggested by the therapeutic efficacy of 5HT3

Effects of acute tryptophan depletion on mood in bulimia nervosa.

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BACKGROUND The present study investigated the role of serotonin in the pathophysiology of bulimia nervosa (BN) by studying the affective and appetitive responses of women ill with BN to an acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) paradigm. METHODS Twenty-two women with BN and 16 healthy control women (CW)

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