esophageal and gastric varices/hypoxia

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Cyanoacrylate in the treatment of gastric varices complicated by multiple pulmonary emboli.

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Bleeding gastric varices are increasingly being obliterated with the aid of endoscopic injection of n-butyl-cyanoacrylate (histoacryl) diluted with lipiodol. This glue acts as a tissue adhesive that polymerizes on contact with blood in a gastric varix. Severe glue pulmonary embolism is a rare

Temporary deterioration of pulmonary functions after injection sclerotherapy for cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices.

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In 34 cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices, a significant but temporary deterioration in pulmonary function tests occurred 24 h after endoscopic injection sclerotherapy using 5% ethanolamine oleate. Included were vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, closing volume/vital capacity

[Pulmonary embolism after endoscopic injection with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate for gastric varices].

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Gastric varices occur in one-third of patients with portal hypertension. Bleeding from gastric varices remains a significant cause of death. Currently the first-line of treatment for gastric varices is endoscopic obliteration with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate. Though relatively safe, this option has

Analgesic Effects of Oxycodone Relative to Those of Sufentanil, in the Presence of Midazolam, During Endoscopic Injection Sclerotherapy for Patients With Cirrhosis and Esophageal Varices.

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BACKGROUND We evaluated the efficacy and gastroenterologist/patient satisfaction of midazolam combined with oxycodone, relative to that of midazolam combined with sufentanil, for anesthesia during endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) in patients with cirrhosis and esophageal

Utility of N-acetylcysteine in ischemic hepatitis in cirrhotics with acute variceal bleed: a randomized controlled trial.

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Ischemic hepatitis (IH) following acute variceal bleed (AVB) carries an ominous prognosis. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), a potent anti-oxidant, may prevent IH by improving tissue oxygen delivery and improving hepatic hypoxia.Consecutive cirrhotics with AVB were

Circulating hypoxia marker carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and patients with cirrhosis.

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OBJECTIVE Expression of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9), an enzyme expressed in response to hypoxia, acidosis and oncogenic alterations, is reported to be a prognostic factor in HCC patients. Here we evaluated serum CA9 levels in HCC and cirrhosis patients. METHODS HCC and cirrhosis patients were

Role of combined propofol and sufentanil anesthesia in endoscopic injection sclerotherapy for esophageal varices.

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OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and safety of a combination of sufentanil and propofol injection in patients undergoing endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) for esophageal varices (EVs). METHODS Patients with severe EVs who underwent EIS with sufentanil and propofol anesthesia between

Pulmonary embolization of 2-octyl cyanoacrylate after endoscopic injection therapy for gastric variceal bleeding.

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N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate, a tissue adhesive that polymerizes on contact with weak bases such as blood, is being used widely outside the United States to obliterate gastric varices. Embolization of this material can occur via portosystemic shunts. We report a case of pulmonary embolization of 2-octyl

Oesophageal Variceal-Pulmonary Venous Fistula A Rare Cause of a Right-to-Left Shunt.

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Oesophageal varices are a dilated submucosal venous plexus in the lower third of the oesophagus which result from increased pressure in the portal venous system. The portal system is connected to the systemic circulation in specific locations referred to as sites of portosystemic

Pulmonary complications in cirrhotic candidates for liver transplantation.

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OBJECTIVE The determination of the prevalence of cardiopulmonary complications at a liver transplant center in Iran. METHODS Ninety-nine patients (61 male and 38 female) with a mean age of 36.5 (15-66) years with proven cirrhosis were enrolled in this study. Patients with primary cardiac disease,

A case report of hepatopulmonary syndrome in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT): Not all right-to-left shunting in HHT is due to pulmonary arteriovenous malformations.

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BACKGROUND Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by abnormal vessel growth that results in telangiectasias and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in the skin, mucosa, and viscera. Up to 30% of patients with HHT exhibit pulmonary AVMs (PAVMs),

Impaired gastric mucosal energy metabolism in congestive gastropathy in cirrhotic patients.

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To clarify the characteristics of congestive gastropathy, we investigated gastric mucosal hemodynamics and energy metabolism in cirrhotic patients, using a reflectance spectrophotometry system and high performance liquid chromatography. The index of the gastric mucosal blood volume of cirrhotic

Sengstaken-Blakemore Tube

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In 1950 Robert W. Sengstaken and Arthur H. Blakemore recognized that the introduction of blood banks and the ability to provide patients with large quantities of blood quickly was saving lives, especially in cases of hemorrhaging esophageal varices, but transfusion alone was not sufficient. Many

Correlations of MMP-2 and MMP-9 gene polymorphisms with the risk of hepatopulmonary syndrome in cirrhotic patients: A case-control study.

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Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) increases the mortality of patients who suffered from liver cirrhosis, especially patients plagued by severe hypoxemia. Gene polymorphisms are reported to be related to the risk of HPS in cirrhotic patients. Thus, our study aims to elucidate the correlation between

[An autopsied case of primary pulmonary hypertension complicated by hepatopulmonary syndrome].

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A 57-year-old man, who had received a transfusion five years before, was admitted to our hospital complaining of worsening dyspnea on exertion. Cardiac catheterization was performed, and pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed. Liver dysfunction was also documented. We administered diuretics and

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