intake of 5g glutamine and 10g maltodextrin. Oral glutamine is a food additive issued by food and drug government in Taiwan with number 009929.L-Glutamine and maltodextrin are both nutritional supplements. In the glutamine arm: 10 g L-Glutamine and 5 g maltodextrin.
The patients take their supplements three times a day during the period: 7 days before radiotherapy to 14 days after radiotherapy.

intake of 15g maltodextrin. The patients take their supplements three times a day during the period: 7 days before radiotherapy to 14 days after radiotherapy.

Head and Neck Cancer

L-Glutamine and maltodextrin are both nutritional supplements. In the glutamine arm: 10 g L-Glutamine and 5 g maltodextrin. The patients take their supplements three times a day during the period: 7 days before radiotherapy to 14 days after radiotherapy.

oral glutamine

in the placebo arm: 15 g maltodextrin. The patients take their supplements three times a day during the period: 7 days before radiotherapy to 14 days after radiotherapy.

placebo

All patients undergo radiotherapy. 5 days a week. All patients had a dental evaluation for good oral hygiene prior to computed tomography simulation for radiotherapy. Post-operative patients received planned course of adjuvant treatment of 60 to 66 Gy in 2-Gy fractions to the surgical bed. The course of radiation was initiated no more than 6 weeks after resection. Patients without operation received definitive treatment to 70 Gy in 2-Gy fractions.

Radiotherapy

Kaohsihung Medical University Hospital

Effects of Oral L-Glutamine in Head and Neck Cancer Patients During Radiotherapy

Impacts of Oral Supplement With L-Glutamine on the Radiation-induced Toxicity and Nutritional Status of Head and Neck Cancer Patients Under Radiotherapy

Oral mucositis and radiation-induced dermatological toxicity were evaluated during and after treatment using the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria version 3.0 (CTCAE v.3). The scoring was done as the patients went through the treatment by the attending physicians. Post-operative patients received planned course of adjuvant treatment of 60 to 66 Gy in 2-Gy fractions to the surgical bed. Patients without operation received definitive treatment to 70 Gy in 2-Gy fractions.

Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital

L-ornithine L-aspartate (6 ampules, each ampule containing 5 grams of the drug in 10 ml solution) to be diluted in 440 ml of Dextrose 5% (to make a total of 500 ml of solution), as intravenous infusion at the rate of 21 ml/hour, over 24 hours, for 5 days

Placebo (sterile water, 6 ampuoles of 10 ml each) diluted in 440 ml of Dextrose 5%, as intravenous infusion at the rate of 21 ml/hour, over 24 hours, for 5 days

Cirrhosis of Liver

Hepatic Encephalopathy

L-ornithine L-aspartate

Placebo (sterile water, 60 ml) diluted in 440 ml of Dextrose 5%, as intravenous infusion at the rate of 21 ml/hour, over 24 hours, for 5 days

Placebo

Department of Gastroenterology, D.M.C. and Hospital

G.B. Pant Hospital

L-ornithine L-aspartate in Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy

Efficacy of Intravenous 'L-ornithine L-aspartate' in Reversal of Overt Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis: a Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo Controlled Trial

Mental state grade according to West Haven criteria for Hepatic encephalopathy

Change in blood ammonia levels will be measured at baseline and after 5 days of treatment

Mortality rate in the two groups at 4 weeks will be compared

The total length of hospital stay (number of days) in each group will be compared.

Change in serum cytokine levels (Interleukin-1, Interleukin-6, Interleukin-10 and TNF-alpha will be measured at baseline and after 5 days of treatment.

Prof. Sandeep S Sidhu

Professor

Dayanand Medical College and Hospital

For subjects randomized to placebo control, placebo doses were given every 8 hours.

For subjects randomized to active treatment, the first 3 acamprosate doses were 1332 mg every 8 hours in an attempt to more rapidly achieve active plasma concentrations, followed by 666 mg acamprosate every 8 hours for the remainder of the study.

Acamprosate

Total

Sex: Female, Male

Region of Enrollment

The ratio of glutamate to creatine was determined using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), a technique that complements magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRS is used to determine the concentration of brain metabolites, such as glutamate, in brain tissue. MRS utilizes a magnetic field to look at magnetic nuclei, which absorb and re-emit electromagnetic energy in the presence of the magnetic field. By looking at the peaks in the resultant spectra the structure and concentration of metabolites can be determined.

Ratio of Glutamate to Creatine in the Anterior Cingulate of the Brain, Measured on Day 4

Ratio of Glutamate to Creatine in the Anterior Cingulate of the Brain, Measured on Day 25

Overall Study

Markus A. Heilig, M.D., Ph.D.

Alcohol-Related Disorders

Alcohol Dependence

Alcoholism

Healthy Volunteer

Scans were performed on a 3T scanner using the echo-time-averaged PRESS sequence previously published to detect glutamate's resonance line at 2.35 ppm and average out the interferences from glutamine, NAA and the macromolecules.

glutamine/nausea

Effects of Oral L-Glutamine in Head and Neck Cancer Patients During Radiotherapy

L-ornithine L-aspartate in Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy

Acamprosate to Reduce Symptoms of Alcohol Withdrawal

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