A ureteral stent will be placed after ureteroscopy.

A ureteral stent will not be placed after ureteroscopy.

Kidney Calculi

Participant eligibility is based on self-representation of gender identity.

Ureteroscopy for 1.5cm or less renal stones.

Ureteroscopy

University of California Davis

University of California San Diego

Indiana University Health Physicians Urology

Maine Medical Center

Brigham and Women's Hospital

Penn State Health

Vanderbilt University Medical Center

University of Montreal

Ureteral Stent Placement After Ureteroscopy for Renal Stones: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Total number of complications - Defined as ER visits related to procedure, unanticipated provider visit, and hospitalization

This survey assesses self-reported consequences of pain on relevant aspects of one's life, including engagement with social, cognitive, emotional, physical, and recreational activities. There are 6 questions on the survey. The survey score uses at T-score metric with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10 in a referent population. A higher score denotes greater pain interference in one's life.

This is a disease specific quality-of-life instrument designed to assess the impact on patients of stones in the urinary tract. The survey is a 28-item instrument with a 5-point LIkert scale for each item. There are a total of 140 points total, and a difference of 10 points can be considered clinically significant.

This will be the calculated morphine equivalent dosage of all opiate medications that are prescribed after surgery to follow-up at 5-10 days.

This is the number of participants that have returned to work at the time of follow-up at 5-10 days divided by the total participants in the group.

This will be defined as a urine culture positivity (50,000 cfu/mL or more) with urinary symptoms.

Hydronephrosis, hematoma, urinoma on routine postop imaging

Ryan Hsi

Assistant Professor

Université de Montréal

University of California, Davis

University of California, San Diego

Indiana University

Patients undergo Super-Mini Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy with F14 suction-evacuation sheath.

Patients undergo Super-Mini Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy with F12 suction-evacuation sheath.

Renal Calculi

Patients undergo Super-Mini Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

Super-Mini Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

epartment of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University

The Influence of SMP on Renal Pelvic Pressure In Vivo

The Influence of Super-Mini Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy on Renal Pelvic Pressure In Vivo

The measurement of renal pelvic pressure was collected each second by the computer.

Postoperatively patients were monitored for signs of SIRS, which is manifested by two or more of the following conditions: (1)Temperature > 38°C or < 36°C,(2) Heart rate > 90 bpm,(3) Respiratory rate > 20 breaths/min or PaCO2 < 32 mmHg (< 4.3 kPa),(4) WBC > 12,000 cells/mm3 or < 4,000 cells/mm3 or > 10% immature (band) forms.

Operation time is the duration of the operation from the time of the first percutaneous renal puncture to the completion of the stone removal.

Hospital stay is rounded to the nearest whole day and calculated from the day of surgery to the day of discharge.

The rate of hemoglobin decrease is assessed by comparing the preoperative Hb level with 24-hour postoperative Hb level.

Stone-free status are defined as either the absence of any residual stone fragments or the presence of clinically insignificant residual stone fragments in the kidney which were defined as ≦ 3mm, asymptomatic, non-obstructive and non-infectious stone particles.

Guohua Zeng

Vice President of the Hospital

The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University

the findings of patients undergoing flexible ureteroscopy + laser lithotripsy for renal stones according to EAU Guidelines Doppler Ultrasound examination has been performed in the pre-operative and post-operative periods

findings of patients undergoing flexible ureteroscopy + laser lithotripsy for renal stones according to EAU Guidelines
Flexible ureteroscopy is an endourological procedure performed for kidney stones. flexible ureteroscope is a device used to reach the renal cavities through the natural urinary tract in a retrograde fashion. During operation, irrigation fluid is used to expand the cavities to provide space for movement of the device and to provide clear vision.
Doppler Ultrasound examination: peak systolic velocities (PSV) and end diastolic velocities (EDV) of the arteries will be measured and then resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) will be calculated.
laser lithotripsy: The laser fiber extending into the cavities through the working channel of the ureteroscope is used to fragment the stones. Laser energy is generated by the laser machine and trans

Flexible Ureteroscopy Arm

Sex: Female, Male

Body Mass Index (BMI) units: kg/m2

Stone volume

Doppler US will be performed at two times: 2 days prior to surgery and within the first 24 hours following F-URS to show the change between the pre-operative and post-operative periods. Doppler examination includes renal arteries and arcuate arteries. For each patient, the following parameters are measured: peak systolic velocities (PSV) and end diastolic velocities (EDV), resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) of the arteries. The unit for PSV and EDV is cm/sec. RI and PI doesn't have a unit, they are quantitative measures calculated from PSV and EDV.
PSV is the maximum velocity in the renal and arcuate arteries in the systolic phase of each heart pulse.

pre-operative and post-operative findings of renal Doppler Ultrasound examination on the operated kidney of patients undergoing flexible ureteroscopy + laser lithotripsy for renal stones according to EAU Guidelines
Flexible ureteroscopy is an endourological procedure performed for kidney stones. flexible ureteroscope is a device used to reach the renal cavities through the natural urinary tract in a retrograde fashion. During operation, irrigation fluid is used to expand the cavities to provide space for movement of the device and to provide clear vision.
Doppler Ultrasound examination: peak systolic velocities (PSV) and end diastolic velocities (EDV) of the arteries will be measured and then resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) will be calculated.
laser lithotripsy: The laser fiber extending into the cavities through the working channel of the ureteroscope is used to fragment the stones. Laser energy is generated by the laser machine and trans

Peak Systolic Velocities (PSV) Measurement by Renal Doppler Ultrasound (US) Examination Evaluating the Effects of Flexible Ureteroscopy (F-URS) on Renal Blood Flow by Demonstrating the Change Between the Pre-operative and Post-operative Parameters.

Doppler US will be performed at two times: 2 days prior to surgery and within the first 24 hours following F-URS to show the change between the pre-operative and post-operative periods. Doppler examination includes renal arteries and arcuate arteries. For each patient, the following parameters are measured: peak systolic velocities (PSV) and end diastolic velocities (EDV), resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) of the arteries. The unit for PSV and EDV is cm/sec. RI and PI doesn't have a unit, they are quantitative measures calculated from PSV and EDV.
EDV is the velocity in the renal and arcuate arteries at the end of the diastolic phase of each heart pulse.

End Diastolic Velocities (EDV) Measurement by Renal Doppler Ultrasound (US) Examination Evaluating the Effects of Flexible Ureteroscopy (F-URS) on Renal Blood Flow by Demonstrating the Change Between the Pre-operative and Post-operative Parameters.

Doppler US will be performed at two times: 2 days prior to surgery and within the first 24 hours following F-URS to show the change between the pre-operative and post-operative periods. Doppler examination includes renal arteries and arcuate arteries. For each patient, the following parameters are measured: peak systolic velocities (PSV) and end diastolic velocities (EDV), resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) of the arteries. The unit for PSV and EDV is cm/sec. RI and PI doesn't have a unit, they are quantitative measures calculated from PSV and EDV.
Resistive index is calculated as the difference between PSV and EDV, divided by PSV [(PSV - EDV) / (PSV)].
An increased resistive index can be considered as a marker of intrarenal arterial stiffness and is associated with worsening of renal function and tubulointersitial damage.

Resistive Index (RI) Calculation by Renal Doppler Ultrasound (US) Examination Evaluating the Effects of Flexible Ureteroscopy (F-URS) on Renal Blood Flow by Demonstrating the Change Between the Pre-operative and Post-operative Parameters.

Doppler US will be performed at two times: 2 days prior to surgery and within the first 24 hours following F-URS to show the change between the pre-operative and post-operative periods. Doppler examination includes renal arteries and arcuate arteries. For each patient, the following parameters are measured: peak systolic velocities (PSV) and end diastolic velocities (EDV), resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) of the arteries. The unit for PSV and EDV is cm/sec. RI and PI doesn't have a unit, they are quantitative measures calculated from PSV and EDV.
Pulsatility index is calculated as the difference between PSV and EDV, divided by the mean velocity [(PSV - EDV) / ((PSV + EDV) / 2)].
Pulsatility index is used to discriminate between renal and pre-renal causes of acute kidney injury which can alter the therapeutic options in the clinical setting.

Pulsatility Index (PI) Calculation by Renal Doppler Ultrasound (US) Examination Evaluating the Effects of Flexible Ureteroscopy (F-URS) on Renal Blood Flow by Demonstrating the Change Between the Pre-operative and Post-operative Parameters.

The size of access sheaths will be given in French measurement. E.g. 10/12 Fr

post-operative findings of renal Doppler Ultrasound examination on the operated kidney of patients undergoing flexible ureteroscopy + laser lithotripsy for renal stones according to EAU Guidelines
Flexible ureteroscopy is an endourological procedure performed for kidney stones. flexible ureteroscope is a device used to reach the renal cavities through the natural urinary tract in a retrograde fashion. During operation, irrigation fluid is used to expand the cavities to provide space for movement of the device and to provide clear vision.
Doppler Ultrasound examination: peak systolic velocities (PSV) and end diastolic velocities (EDV) of the arteries will be measured and then resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) will be calculated.
laser lithotripsy: The laser fiber extending into the cavities through the working channel of the ureteroscope is used to fragment the stones. Laser energy is generated by the laser machine and trans

Technical Details - Size of Ureteral Access Sheath

Each ureteroscope has unique characteristics. So, every ureteroscope that will be used, will be recorded with its name. E.g. Storz Flex-X2, Olympus V1, Wolf Cobra

The type of the ureteroscope used for the flexible ureteroscopy operation
Flexible ureteroscopy is an endourological procedure performed for kidney stones. flexible ureteroscope is a device used to reach the renal cavities through the natural urinary tract in a retrograde fashion. During operation, irrigation fluid is used to expand the cavities to provide space for movement of the device and to provide clear vision.
Doppler Ultrasound examination: peak systolic velocities (PSV) and end diastolic velocities (EDV) of the arteries will be measured and then resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) will be calculated.
laser lithotripsy: The laser fiber extending into the cavities through the working channel of the ureteroscope is used to fragment the stones. Laser energy is generated by the laser machine and trans

Technical Details - Name of Flexible Ureteroscope

the data about the duration of the operation that will be performed for each patient and the data will be recorded in minutes.

The duration of the flexible ureteroscopy operation
Flexible ureteroscopy is an endourological procedure performed for kidney stones. flexible ureteroscope is a device used to reach the renal cavities through the natural urinary tract in a retrograde fashion. During operation, irrigation fluid is used to expand the cavities to provide space for movement of the device and to provide clear vision.
Doppler Ultrasound examination: peak systolic velocities (PSV) and end diastolic velocities (EDV) of the arteries will be measured and then resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) will be calculated.
laser lithotripsy: The laser fiber extending into the cavities through the working channel of the ureteroscope is used to fragment the stones. Laser energy is generated by the laser machine and trans

Duration of the Flexible Ureteroscopy Operation

The pressure that is applied to the irrigation solution which is circulated through the ureteroscope that is used to expand the renal cavities during a flexible ureteroscopy operation. the data will be collected in cmH2O. This pressure value is a constant value and it doesn't change throughout the length of the procedure.

The pressure applied to the irrigation solution during a flexible ureteroscopy operation
Flexible ureteroscopy is an endourological procedure performed for kidney stones. flexible ureteroscope is a device used to reach the renal cavities through the natural urinary tract in a retrograde fashion. During operation, irrigation fluid is used to expand the cavities to provide space for movement of the device and to provide clear vision.
Doppler Ultrasound examination: peak systolic velocities (PSV) and end diastolic velocities (EDV) of the arteries will be measured and then resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) will be calculated.
laser lithotripsy: The laser fiber extending into the cavities through the working channel of the ureteroscope is used to fragment the stones. Laser energy is generated by the laser machine and trans

Operative Characteristics - Irrigation Pressure

The number of patients that has experienced any kind of intraoperative complications during the flexible ureteroscopy operation.

The number of patients that had a complication intraoperatively.
Flexible ureteroscopy is an endourological procedure performed for kidney stones. flexible ureteroscope is a device used to reach the renal cavities through the natural urinary tract in a retrograde fashion. During operation, irrigation fluid is used to expand the cavities to provide space for movement of the device and to provide clear vision.
Doppler Ultrasound examination: peak systolic velocities (PSV) and end diastolic velocities (EDV) of the arteries will be measured and then resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) will be calculated.
laser lithotripsy: The laser fiber extending into the cavities through the working channel of the ureteroscope is used to fragment the stones. Laser energy is generated by the laser machine and trans

Operative Characteristics - Intraoperative Complications

The number of patients that had a complication in the first 1 month after the operation according to the Clavien Dindo Grading system (0-5).
Clavien Dindo Grading ranges from 0 (mildest) to 5 (most severe). 0. No complications
Any deviation from the normal postoperative course without the need for pharmacological treatment or surgical, endoscopic and radiological interventions. Allowed therapeutic regimens are drugs as antiemetics, antipyretics, analgesics, diuretics, electrolytes and physiotherapy. This grade also includes wound infections opened at the bedside
Complications requiring pharmacological treatment with drugs other than such allowed for grade I complications. Blood transfusions and total parenteral nutrition are also included
Complications requiring surgical, endoscopic or radiological intervention
Life-threatening complications (including CNS complications) requiring IC/ICU management
Death

The number of patients who had a complication after the flexible ureteroscopy operation in the first month following the operation.
Flexible ureteroscopy is an endourological procedure performed for kidney stones. flexible ureteroscope is a device used to reach the renal cavities through the natural urinary tract in a retrograde fashion. During operation, irrigation fluid is used to expand the cavities to provide space for movement of the device and to provide clear vision.
Doppler Ultrasound examination: peak systolic velocities (PSV) and end diastolic velocities (EDV) of the arteries will be measured and then resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) will be calculated.
laser lithotripsy: The laser fiber extending into the cavities through the working channel of the ureteroscope is used to fragment the stones. Laser energy is generated by the laser machine and trans

Post-Operative Characteristics - Complications

Doppler Ultrasound examination was performed in both the pre-operative and post-operative periods on the operated kidney of patients undergoing flexible ureteroscopy + laser lithotripsy for renal stones according to EAU Guidelines
Flexible ureteroscopy is an endourological procedure performed for kidney stones. flexible ureteroscope is a device used to reach the renal cavities through the natural urinary tract in a retrograde fashion. During operation, irrigation fluid is used to expand the cavities to provide space for movement of the device and to provide clear vision.
Doppler Ultrasound examination: peak systolic velocities (PSV) and end diastolic velocities (EDV) of the arteries will be measured and then resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) will be calculated.
laser lithotripsy: The laser fiber extending into the cavities through the working channel of the ureteroscope is used to fragment the stones. Laser energy is generated by the laser machine and trans

Overall Study

Dr. Tarik Emre Sener

Circulatory; Change

Flexible ureteroscopy is an endourological procedure performed for kidney stones. The flexible ureteroscope is a device used to reach the renal cavities through the natural urinary tract in a retrograde fashion. During the operation, irrigation fluid is used to expand the cavities to provide space for movement of the device and also to provide clear vision.

flexible ureteroscopy

peak systolic velocities (PSV) and end diastolic velocities (EDV) of the arteries will be measured and then resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) will be calculated.

Doppler Ultrasound examination

The laser fiber extending into the cavities through the working channel of the ureteroscope is used to fragment the stones. Laser energy is generated by the laser machine and transmitted to the stones via the laser fiber.

kidney calculi/edema

Ureteral Stent Placement After Ureteroscopy for Renal Stones: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The Influence of SMP on Renal Pelvic Pressure In Vivo

Effects of Flexible Ureteroscopy on Renal Blood Flow

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