The idea of diabetes in the aspects of its impact on the course of different diseases and tanatogenesis remains little investigated.To define the tanatogenetic significance of 2 type diabetes in neurosurgical patients.Forty-three patients aged 22-75 years, who had died after neurosurgery, were examined. Case histories and the time course of changes in blood glucose levels were analyzed. The manifestations of macroangiopathy were taken into account at autopsy; those of microangiopathy were considered at microscopy of the internal organs and tissues; Van Gieson and periodic acid-Schiff staining was additionally applied. The expression of insulin, glucagon, synaptophysin, S100 proteins, and neurofilament protein was found in the pancreas. The number and volume of islets and an insulin-to-glucagon ratio were morphometrically estimated.Type 2 diabetes mellitus was identified in 28 (65.1%) patients: 11 (25.6%), 8 (18.6%), and 9 (20.9%) with clinically obvious, subtle, and latent types, respectively; while it was as a background underlying disease in 3 (7.0%) patients. Among the immediate causes of death, there was a preponderance of local angiogenic complications (hemorrhages, infarctions, swelling, and displacement of the brain) (64%). Indurative pancreatitis was not inferior to cardiovascular diseases among complications and concomitant diseases and was detected in most diabetic patients (n=24, or 85.7%) and in 6 (a quarter) patients with acute pancreatic necrosis, which was the immediate cause of death in 2 cases. In the places of paravasal sclerosis, there was a reduction in the terminals of nerve fibers as a manifestation of diabetic neuropathy.Type 2 diabetes mellitus was much more frequently encountered in the most critically ill and dead neurosurgical patients than in the general population and was embodied in the pattern of immediate causes of death. Diabetic neuropathy with a reduction in the terminals of nerve fibers can serve as a substantial basis not only for vascular, but also for ductal dystonia and dyskinesia, which can become an important factor in the pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis in patients with diabetes mellitus.
