In Germany, physicians who prescribe cannabis-based medicines at the expense of the statutory health insurance are obliged to take part in an accompanying survey. Pain was the most commonly reported diagnosis, making an interim evaluation for the indication of pain feasible.Patient-related data was transmitted to the German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices via an online portal. In addition to demographic data, information on the treated disease or symptoms, the course of therapy, adverse reactions and treatment success were evaluated.A total of 3138 data sets were evaluated for the main diagnosis of pain. Dronabinol was the most frequently (64%) prescribed cannabis-based drug. On average, patients were 57 years old and women and men were equally represented. Patients treated with cannabis flowers were significantly younger (48 years). The proportion of men in this group was 68% and 83% in the group of 18- to 40-year-olds. According to the assessment by treating physicians, pain was significantly improved in 35.5% of the patients. The most frequent side effects (fatigue, dizziness, nausea) corresponded to those already known from the product information of the cannabis-based medicinal products authorized under the pharmaceutical law. Treatment was discontinued in 1179 patients within 1 year.Physicians should comply with their legal obligation to participate in the accompanying survey. Pain is by far the most common diagnosis in cannabis drugs. For about one third of these patients, physicians reported a clear improvement in pain. Due to the amount of data hitherto and the limitations in the accompanying survey, the results should not be overinterpreted in terms of efficacy and should always be related to existing reviews. The lower age and higher proportion of men among patients treated with cannabis flowers were remarkable. At 37.6%, the overall drop-out rate was high. The most frequent side effects related to vigilance and are therefore highly relevant in terms of driving ability, work ability and risk of falling. For a differentiated evaluation of treatment success, more data needs to be available.
