Dietary calcium regulates the risk renal injury in high fat diet induced obese rats by regulating renal lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and inflammation.

Context: The antiobesity effect of dietary calcium by preventing fat accumulation and weight gain was well established from several epidemiological and animal studies.Objective: To evaluate the effect of dietary calcium against obesity-associated with renal injury in high fat diet induced obese rats. Materials and Methods: Obesity was induced by high fat diet (HFD) and then given either low or high calcium HFD (0.25% and 1.0%) for another 30 days.Results: The results showed that 1.0% high calcium group was effective in reducing renal lipogenesis activity, lipid accumulation, fatty acid synthase (FAS) activity, acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) expression, oxidative stress, inflammation and increased the adenosine monophosphate kinase (AMPK) expression.Discussion and conclusion: Downregulation of renal lipid accumulation by high calcium diet through AMPK mediated lipogenesis activity, oxidative stress and the inflammatory response seemed to prevent the renal injury in high fat diet (HFD) induced obese rats.