patients were asked to fill MDAS form which consists of five questions. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, oxygen saturation , and heart rate were monitored at different time points: preoperative time ; intraoperative time-after local anesthesia , intraoperative time-after extraction , postoperative time . In this group removal of wisdom teeth was done under conscious sedation. During surgery procedures five saliva samples were collected. Due to the localization and position of the third molar, osteotomy was performed using a 20,000-rpm hand piece under irrigation for all patients. Some cases required tooth sectioning. 3-0 silk suture was used at the end of the surgery.
Ibuprofen (600 mg every 8 h for 7 days) and amoxicillin/clavulanate (875 mg/125 mg every 8 h for 5 days) were prescribed. Detailed explanation of oral hygiene techniques and recommendations for the postoperative period were given to each patient.

patients were asked to fill MDAS form which consists of five questions. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure , oxygen saturation , and heart rate were monitored at different time points: preoperative time ; intraoperative time-after local anesthesia, intraoperative time-after extraction, postoperative time. In this group, removal of wisdom teeth was done under local anesthesia. During surgery procedures five saliva samples were collected. Due to the localization and position of the third molar, osteotomy was performed using a 20,000-rpm hand piece under irrigation for all patients. Some cases required tooth sectioning. 3-0 silk suture was used at the end of the surgery.
Ibuprofen (600 mg every 8 h for 7 days) and amoxicillin/clavulanate (875 mg/125 mg every 8 h for 5 days) were prescribed. Detailed explanation of oral hygiene techniques and recommendations for the postoperative period were given to each patient.

Dental Anxiety

Dental Fear

Tooth Extraction Status Nos

The first specimen of saliva was taken at the first time patient came to clinic (t1). Saliva was allowed to flow in the floor of mouth an 1 ml was then collected using a Pasteur pipette. First day after examination, patient was given an appointment. The second time of the saliva was taken was when the patient sat in the chair for extraction (t2). The other times of saliva samples were taken were before local anesthesia (t3), immediately after extraction (t4) and at 4 h after extraction (t5). Due to the localization and position of the third molar, osteotomy was performed using a 20,000-rpm hand piece under irrigation for all patients. Some cases required tooth sectioning. 3-0 silk suture was used at the end of the surgery.

Procedures of wisdom tooth removal surgery under conscious sedation

Procedures of wisdom tooth removal surgery under local anesthesia

Selin Gaş

The Effect of Conscious Sedation on Acute Stress

The Effect of Conscious Sedation on Salivary Alpha-Amylase Levels in the Patients Undergoing Impacted Third Molar Surgery

The measurement of salivary alpha amylase levels (t1. The first time the patient came to clinic, t2. When the patient sat in the chair for extraction, t3. Before local anesthesia, t4. Immediately after extraction, t5. 4 h after extraction)

The measurement of Systolic blood pressure level at different time points (preoperative time; intraoperative time-after local anesthesia, intraoperative time-after extraction, postoperative time)

Diastolic blood pressure level at different time points (preoperative time; intraoperative time-after local anesthesia, intraoperative time-after extraction, postoperative time)

Oxygen saturation (SO2) level at different time points (preoperative time; intraoperative time-after local anesthesia, intraoperative time-after extraction, postoperative time)

Heart rate (HT) level at different time points (preoperative time; intraoperative time-after local anesthesia, intraoperative time-after extraction, postoperative time)

University of Beykent

ADHD

Medication Other

motor measurement by actometer and saliva collection for measurement of saliva cortisol and saliva alpha amylase

motor measurement and saliva collection

Dr med Kurt von Siebenthal

Dr med Roland Kägi

Atomoxetine, Diurnal Profiles of Cortisol and α-amylase

Atomoxetine, Diurnal Profiles of Cortisol and α-amylase, Possible Biological Markers of Treatment Success

diurnal profile of saliva cortisol and saliva alpha amylase

Martin Kammerer MD PhD

Principal Investigator

Praxis für kleine und grosse Leute

Dr med Kurt von Siebenthal, Facharztpraxis für Pädiatrie, Winterthur, Switzerland

Dr med Roland Kägi, Facharztpraxis für Pädiatrie, Zurich, Switzerland

Dr med Corrado Garbazza, University of Basle, Switzerland

Prof Vivette Glover, Imperial College London, UK

Prof Alina Rodriguez, University of Lincoln, UK

Caries-free children submitted to four consecutive sessions of oral health educational strategy (once a week).

Children with at least one decayed primary molar in dentin submitted to four consecutive sessions of oral health educational strategy (once a week) followed by Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART)

Children with at least one decayed primary molar in dentin submitted to Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART)

Dental Caries

Oral health educational strategy consisted of four consecutive sessions (once a week) about etiological factors of caries (using visual aids), oral hygiene instructions (using models), supervised toothbrushing and explanation of atraumatic restorative treatment (indications and stages).

Oral health educational strategy

Atraumatic Restorative Treatment was performed using hand instruments for opening and cleaning the cavities and a high-viscosity glass-ionomer for restoration.

Atraumatic Restorative Treatment

Impact of Atraumatic Restorative Treatment and Oral Health Promotion on Psychological and Salivary Aspects of Children

Impact of Atraumatic Restorative Treatment Associated With Oral Health Educational Strategy on Dental Anxiety, Oral Health-related Quality of Life and Salivary Biochemical and Microbiological Characteristics of Brazilian Schoolchildren

The cognitive and behavioral aspects were assessed by modified Venham Picture Test (m-VPT) and modified Venham Anxiety Scale (m-VAS), respectively (scores).

The hormonal biomarker was assessed by saliva collection for cortisol - sC (in microgram per using commercially available kit (Salimetrics, State College, PA, USA) according to the manufacturer's directions.

The enzymatic biomarker was assessed by saliva collection for alpha-amylase - sAA (in international units per milliliter of saliva - U/ml) using commercially available kit (Salimetrics, State College, PA, USA) according to the manufacturer's directions.

The physiological aspect was assessed by heart rate (HR, in beats per minute, bpm) using a digital monitor (S625x, Polar, Finland).

The physicochemical properties of saliva were measured by flow rate (mL/min), pH and buffer capacity. Salivary stimulated and unstimulated flow rates were estimated as the volume of saliva secreted per min (mL/min). Salivary pH was determined immediately after collection in stimulated saliva, using a portable pH-meter (Orion 3 Star Benchtop, Thermo Electron Corporation, USA). Buffer capacity was performed by adding 1.5 ml of 5 mM HCl to a tube containing 0.5 mL of stimulated saliva and further determination of salivary pH.

The microbiological characteristics of saliva were measured by total bacteria and S. mutans levels. The detection and quantification of S. mutans and total bacteria, the microbial DNA in unstimulated saliva samples was isolated and subjected to quantitative PCR reactions (qPCR).

Oral hygiene was assessed by the presence of biofilm and gingivitis in buccal surfaces of primary and/or permanent upper incisors (presence/absence; frequencies) (in scores).

Oral health-related quality of life was assessed using the Brazilian short version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (16-CPQ8-10), with 16 items (in scores).

alpha amylase/dental caries

The Effect of Conscious Sedation on Acute Stress

Atomoxetine, Diurnal Profiles of Cortisol and α-amylase

Impact of Atraumatic Restorative Treatment and Oral Health Promotion on Psychological and Salivary Aspects of Children

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