anticonvulsant/癲癇性発作

OBJECTIVE The goal of the present study was to evaluate the effects of sildenafil on the threshold for electrically induced seizures in mice. In addition, interactions between sildenafil and classical and second-generation antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), that is, carbamazepine (CBZ), phenobarbital (PB),

OBJECTIVE Thiamine serves as a cofactor for several enzymes involved in brain function and neurotransmitters biosynthesis. Thiamine-dependent enzymes are important for oxidant stress defenses. Several studies have reported that thiamine deficiency in the central nervous system reduces seizure

The aim of this study was to determine and compare the anticonvulsant activities of four natural furanocoumarins [bergapten (5-methoxypsoralen), imperatorin (8-isopentenyloxypsoralen), oxypeucedanin (5-epoxy-isopentenyloxypsoralen) and xanthotoxin (8-methoxypsoralen)] in the maximal

Recently, sustained-release (SR) preparations of valproate (VPA) have been developed to minimize or prevent problems associated with plasma level fluctuations during therapy with conventional preparations. In the present experiments, the anticonvulsant activity of VPA was assessed during prolonged

The importance of the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNPr), striatum (STR) and superior colicullus (SC) in the blockade of experimental seizures is well known. But, in audiogenic seizures (brainstem tonic-clonic seizures), the anticonvulsant activity of these nuclei is still controversial. In the

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of 7-nitroindazole (7NI--a preferential neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor) and NG-nitro-L-arginine (NNA--a non-selective NOS inhibitor) on the anticonvulsant action of pregabalin (PGB--a third-generation antiepileptic drug) in the

Citalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), is frequently used in the treatment of major depressive disorders. In addition to its antidepressant features, citalopram shows some anticonvulsive properties at lower doses, whereas higher doses, ingested in cases of suicide, have been

Male Long-Evans rats were stereotaxically implanted with a bipolar electrode in the central amygdala and with a stainless-steel cannula in the lateral cerebral ventricle. Rats were then kindled once daily until 3 consecutive Stage 5 kindled seizures were elicited. Adenosine analogues were injected

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. However, approximately one-third of epilepsy patients still suffer from uncontrolled seizures. Effective treatments for epilepsy are yet to be developed. N (6)-(3-methoxyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) adenine riboside (B2) is a

Drug resistance in epilepsy is considered as a complicated and multifactorial problem. Poor penetration of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) across blood-brain barrier (BBB) into the brain, which results in insufficient level of the drugs at the targeted brain region, has been discussed as one mechanism

Potentiation of adenosinergic inhibitory modulation is one of possible strategies to develop new antiepileptic drugs. Nonspecific receptor agonist 2-chloroadenosine was tested against pentetrazol-induced convulsions in immature (7, 12, 18 and 25 days old) and adult rats. Doses of 1-15 mg/kg i.p.

Adenosine is an endogenous anticonvulsant that exerts its effects through A1 receptors. As the piriform/amygdala is a critical circuit for limbic seizure propagation, in this study, the role of basolateral amygdala A1 receptors on piriform cortex (PC)-kindled seizures was investigated. Rats were

Drug-drug interactions should be considered during the pharmacological treatment in patients with epilepsy and coexisting hypertension. Experimental studies in rodents showed that antihypertensive drugs which block the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) are able to decrease seizure severity. The

Some studies suggest a higher risk of hypertension in people with epilepsy. Captopril, a potent and selective angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, is a well known antihypertensive drug. Besides the peripheral renin-angiotensin system (RAS), ACE inhibitors are also suggested to affect the

1. The i.v. administration of convulsant doses of penetrazole or picrotoxin induced an increase in PGF2 alpha, PGE2 and TXB2-like immunoreactive material in mouse brain tissue. The onset of increase coincided with the appearance of clonic seizures. 2. The anticonvulsant drugs trimethadione and