atrophic vaginitis/vaccinium macrocarpon

OBJECTIVE To support the practitioner in the diagnosis of vaginal atrophy and in the management of the related symptoms. METHODS The modalities of evaluation range from basic pelvic examination, examination of the vulva, and laboratory tests. RESULTS A comprehensive approach to the detection of

BACKGROUND The female genital apparatus, the urinary tract and the perineal supporting tissues share a common embryological origin, whose differentiation depends on the action of estrogens. In adult women, the progressive decline of the ovarian function, with the ensuing estrogen deprivation,

OBJECTIVE To support the practitioner in the diagnosis of vaginal atrophy and in the management of the related symptoms. METHODS The modalities of evaluation range from basic pelvic examination, examination of the vulva, and laboratory tests. RESULTS A comprehensive approach to the detection of

Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in women, including healthy women with normal genitourinary anatomy. Recurrent UTI is typically defined as three or more UTIs within 12 months, or two or more occurrences within six months. The same species that caused previous infections is