The intervention group received a guidance regarding their diet and physical activity using the motivational interviewing strategy to improve adherence to healthy behaviors. Participants received a guide with a motivational interviewing approach, which served as the basis for the interview process. The objectives in the intervention group were to consume four vegetables and two fruits a day, seven days a week, increase fiber consumption to more than 30 g daily, reduce fat consumption to no more 20% of the total energy consumed, decrease the consumption of sugary drinks and increase protein intake. Another goal was to increase the number of steps to 4,000 additional steps to those who have already walked.

The comparison group received a guide on medical care and nutrition with a traditional educational approach. The indication was to read and learn about the health-related topics included in the booklet that was given to them. These participants were visited in the same way as the intervention group to answer questions and monitor participation throughout the intervention.

Body Weight Changes

Mammographic Density

Quality of Life

The motivational interviewing strengthens the motivation and commitment to achieve a specific change through the induction and exploration of the reasons for modifying behavior. All this within an atmosphere of acceptance and compassion. It is about extracting the possible solutions to the change that is faced from the individual and his environment and not from the professional. This strategy is achieved by looking for the patient to feel motivated, and to express their problem and thus create discrepancy so that they evaluate their actions and reflect on the changes they should make.

Motivational Interviewing

Traditional education refers to the normal care given to breast cancer survivors. That is, they receive recommendations about their physical activity and diet but without any motivational approach.

Traditional Education

Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo

Impact of Diet and Physical Activity Changes on Body Weight, Biomarkers and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors

Intervention Program to Promote Changes in Diet and Physical Activity and to Evaluate Its Impact on Body Weight, Biomarkers of Disease and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors

Change in the amount of dense tissue compared to the amount of fatty tissue in the breast on a mammogram reported in percentage

Change in score of the scale of the Quality of Life Patient/Cancer Survivor Version. questionnaire carried out by Ferrell et al., (2012). This questionnaire analyzes the dimensions of physical, emotional, social, and spiritual well-being through a Likert scale. The minimum score to be obtained is 42 and the maximum score is 210 points, where the higher the score, the better the quality of life and the lower the score, the worse the quality of life.

Change in score of the scale of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. This questionnaire uses a Likert-type scale and provides an overall score of the quality of sleep in a range of 0 to 21, where the highest score refers to greater difficulties in all areas of sleep and a lower score gives a better sleep quality

Absolute telomere length (kilobase pair) (kbp)

The amount of bone mineral in bone tissue in g/cm2

The Revised Vital Orientation Test (LOT-R) was used, which is made up of a total of 10 items with a Likert response with five response options (from 0 = "strongly disagree" to 4 = "strongly agree "). The higher the level of optimism, the higher the level of optimism.

The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI was used. This questionnaire has twenty items for each of the subscales that are state anxiety and trait anxiety, with an alternative Likert response scale (from 0 = "nothing" to 3 = "a lot" for state anxiety and for trait anxiety of 0 = "Almost never" to 3 = "almost always"). Totals range from 0 to 60 for each subscale, a higher score reflects higher levels of anxiety.

Actually there is no plan to share IPD to other researchers

Graciela Caire Juvera, PhD

Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C.

National Council of Science and Technology, Mexico

The intervention group received the motivational interviewing and the comparison group an orientation with a traditional educational approach. Both groups were followed for 8 months and the changes in the variables of interest were analyzed.

Periodontal Pocket

Dietary Intakes and Periodontal Outcomes After Sanative Therapy

Healing is evaluated based on changes in mean probing depth

Dietary intakes were measured using the BLOCK food frequency questionnaire

Supplemental intakes were measured using a dietary supplement use questionnaire

A venous blood sample was collected and sent to a medical laboratory for vitamin D testing.

Wendy E. Ward, Ph.D.

Professor and Canada Research Chair in Bone and Muscle Development

Brock University

Subjects will consume broccoli or Brussels sprouts (40g daily) for 8 weeks.

Subjects will take Cruciferous CompleteTM supplements (2 capsules, 3 times daily) for 8 weeks.

Subjects will take placebo capsules (2 capsules, 3 times daily) for 8 weeks.

Dietary Modification

Broccoli and Brussels Sprouts

Cruciferous Complete

Placebo

University of Wisconsin Osteoporosis Clinical Research Program Clinic

Green Vegetables and Women's Health

Effect of Cruciferous Vegetables or a Cruciferous Supplement on Urinary Estrogen Metabolites in Premenopausal Women

Urinary 2:16 ratios between treatment groups.

Urinary concentrations of 4-hydroxyestrone (4OHE1) and 4-hydroxyestradiol (4OHE2) between treatment groups.

Association between body composition, urinary 2:16 ratio, and urinary 4OHE metabolites.

Change in the urinary 2:16 ratio over 8 weeks in the placebo group.

Correlation between serum α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein and lycopene and dietary intake.

Correlation between serum carotenoids and body composition.

Association between dietary intake, urinary 2:16 ratio, and urinary 4OHE metabolites.

University of Wisconsin, Madison

Standard Process Inc.

Asbestos-exposed participants and heavy smokers

Lung Cancer

Pilot participants (ppts):
Asbestos-Exposed--15 mg/day beta-carotene + 25,000 IU/day retinol Heavy Smokers--30 mg/day beta-carotene + 25,000 IU/day retinol
Vanguard & Efficacy ppts:
Asbestos-exposed AND heavy smokers--30 mg/day beta-carotene + 25,000 IU/day retinol

beta carotene/breast neoplasms

Impact of Diet and Physical Activity Changes on Body Weight, Biomarkers and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors

Dietary Intakes and Periodontal Outcomes After Sanative Therapy

Green Vegetables and Women's Health

Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial

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