broad/dental caries

The angled-grating broad-area laser is a promising candidate for high power, high brightness diode laser source. The key point in the design is the angled gratings which can simultaneously support the unique snake-like zigzag lasing mode and eliminate the direct Fabry-Perot (FP) feedback. Unlike a

Based on the broad-area vertical cavity semiconductor optical amplifiers (VCSOA) of 970 nm, the amplifier gain and bandwidth characteristics were experimentally investigated and analyzed in the reflection mode. For 970 nm broad-area VCSOA operated in reflective mode, the maximum gain amplification

There is evidence from many sources that dental caries is an ancient disease; it has been found all over the world in skulls from the time humans replaced hunting with agriculture as the main source of food for survival. This article examines the epidemiology of dental caries with a specific focus

We investigate the spatial structure of broad-area vertical-cavity regenerative amplifiers injected with a homogeneous beam. The emerging patterns have a predominantly sixfold rotational symmetry, verifying the recent prediction of formation of hexagons. The length scale is controllable by means of

A novel design for an extended-cavity diode laser is presented. The cavity contains an electro-optic prism for synchronous tuning of the cavity length and the grating's incident angle. A simple analysis of the cavity is presented. Experimental results are reported that show mode-hop-free tuning over

Cavity-enhanced spectrometry constitutes an important and highly sensitive technique for absorbance measurements. The current practice generally involves very high reflectivity mirrors and hence intense light sources (typically lasers) to have enough light transmitted. Available theory describes the

We report the experimental observation of two-dimensional vector cavity solitons in a Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL) under linearly polarized optical injection when varying optical injection linear polarization direction. The polarization of the cavity soliton is not the one of the

Broadband white light is of great spectroscopic value and would be a powerful tool for nanoscale spectroscopy, however, generation and direction of white light on this length scale remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate the generation of broadband white light in sub-wavelength diameter Gallium

We report on the design and characterization of a low-temperature external cavity diode laser (ECDL) system for broad wavelength tuning. The performance achieved with multiple diode models addresses the scarcity of commercial red laser diodes below 633 nm, which is a wavelength range relevant to the

We report a strong reduction of spatial coherence of the emission of large aperture vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers when they are driven by microsecond electrical pulses. We give evidence that this is due to a breakdown of the modal emission of these lasers. The spatial decoherence manifests

We demonstrate that by operating near the zero second- and third-order dispersion point in a self-mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser we can generate sub-10-fs pulses. Our numerical simulations show that the pulse duration is limited by fourth-order dispersion and that shorter pulses will be possible if

We propose an external-cavity laser diode that uses an electromagnetically actuated collimating lens for wavelength tuning. Because the wavelength in the grating equation is highly sensitive to the incident angle, a slight (approximately 1 microm) transverse displacement of the collimating lens