cystathionine/atrophy

Vestigial structures are key indicators of evolutionary descent, but the mechanisms underlying their development are poorly understood. This study examines vestigial eye formation in the teleost Astyanax mexicanus, which consists of a sighted surface-dwelling morph and multiple populations of blind

Strategies for the treatment of cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) deficiency include (1) increasing residual enzyme activity by giving pyridoxine in those patients with vitamin responsive variants, (2) reducing the load on the affected pathway with a low methionine diet and supplementing the diet

We report a 24-year-old patient with underlying classical homocystinuria who developed acute neurological deterioration apparently induced by malnutrition secondary to poor compliance with treatment and pancreatitis. Neurological examination revealed stupor, tremor of the upper extremities,

Since our initial demonstrations that hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) may function as a neuromodulator in the brain and a smooth muscle relaxant in the vascular system, accumulating evidence shows that H(2)S may function as a signaling molecule. We and others also found that H(2)S has a cytoprotective

The cystathionine beta-Synthase (CBS) gene of Pichia pastoris has been cloned by homology to the CBS gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. First, based on the homology alignment of CBS genes from different sources, a pair of degenerate PCR primers were designed to amplify a conservative fragment of

Fatty liver is one of the typical manifestations in homocysteinemia/homocystinuria patients and their genetic animal model, mice lacking cystathionine β-synthase (Cbs(-/-)). The vast majority of Cbs(-/-) die within 4 weeks after birth via yet unknown mechanisms, whereas a small portion survive to

Although hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) occurs due to the deficiency in cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) causing skeletal muscle dysfunction, it is still unclear whether this effect is mediated through oxidative/endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress or both. Nevertheless, there is no treatment option

Muscle atrophy occurs in many pathological states, including cancer, diabetes and sepsis, whose results primarily from accelerated protein degradation and activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Expression of Muscle RING finger 1 (MuRF1), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, was increased to induce the

Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) has recently been recognized as a signaling molecule as well as a cytoprotectant. Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) are well-known as H(2)S-producing enzymes. We recently demonstrated that 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3MST) along with

Chronic exposure of the retina to light and high concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acid in photoreceptor cells make this tissue susceptible to oxidative damage. As retinal degenerative diseases are associated with photoreceptor degeneration, the antioxidant activity of both hydrogen sulfide

The disruption of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) function and the degeneration of photoreceptors are cardinal features of age related macular degeneration (AMD); however there are still gaps in our understanding of underlying biological processes. Excess homocysteine (Hcy) has been reported to be

Degeneration of apical spikelets and reduced panicle fertility are common reasons for low seed-setting rate in rice (Oryza sativa). However, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. Here, we report a novel degenerated panicle and partial sterility 1 (dps1) mutant that showed

Cysteine is considered a nonessential amino acid in mammals as it is synthesized from methionine via trans-sulfuration. However, premature infants or patients with hepatic failure may require dietary cysteine due to a lack of cystathionine gamma-lyase (CTH), a key trans-sulfuration enzyme. Here, we

There are three members of the endogenous gas transmitter family. The first two are nitric oxide and carbon monoxide, and the third newly added member is hydrogen sulfide (H₂S). They all have similar functions: relaxing blood vessels, smoothing muscles, and getting involved in the

To study Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy)-induced epigenetic modifications as potential mechanisms of blood retinal barrier (BRB) dysfunction, retinas isolated from three- week-old mice with elevated level of Homocysteine (Hcy) due to lack of the enzyme cystathionine β-synthase (cbs-/- , cbs+/- and