hallux valgus/phosphatase

Bunion formation in adults is an example of bone growth that occurs after physis closure. Bone is laid down secondary to mechanical irritation caused by foot deformity. It is a mechanism of ectopic bone formation unrelated to physeal growth. In this article, bone formation is analyzed using

BACKGROUND The clinical presentation, phenotypic characterization and natural history of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) are diverse and the natural history of the disease is, to a certain extent, different from one patient to another. METHODS In a series of 11 patients (eight girls and

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), an ultra-rare and disabling genetic disorder of skeletal malformations and progressive heterotopic ossification, is caused by heterozygous activating mutations in activin A receptor, type I/activin-like kinase 2 (ACVR1/ALK2). The rarity of the disease