hypophysitis/diarrhea

Ipilimumab, a monoclonal antibody that blocks cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4, leading to enhanced T-cell activation and proliferation, is associated with improved overall survival in melanoma. Its use can result in immune-related adverse events, the most common of which are skin rash,

A 7-year-old, intact male standard Poodle dog with hypothyroidism and atypical hyperadrenocorticism developed acute signs of lethargy, weakness, inappetence, vomiting, and diarrhea. Clinical signs progressed to hind limb proprioceptive deficits, aggressive behavior with obtundation, and an equivocal

BACKGROUND Information on costs of managing adverse events (AEs) associated with current treatments in metastatic melanoma is limited. This study estimates costs of AEs in eight countries: Australia (AU), Canada (CA), France (FR), Germany (GE), Italy (IT), the Netherlands (NL), Spain (ES), and the

Nivolumab, a new immune checkpoint inhibitor that has been found to improve outcomes for patients with some advanced cancers, is being increasingly used. Immune checkpoint inhibitors can cause immune-related adverse events, including dermatitis, enterocolitis, hepatitis and hypophysitis, but adrenal

We report an unusual case of sporadic adult onset cerebellar ataxia with hypogonadism. A 40-year-old unmarried man presented with progressive ataxia and dysarthria along with complaints of non-development of secondary sexual characteristics and erectile dysfunction. There were complaints of

Checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy, including ipilimumab and nivolumab, is associated with numerous immune-related adverse events including dermatitis, pruritus, hepatitis, diarrhea, and hypophysitis. As the number of patients undergoing immunotherapy treatment increases, however, rare and unusual

BACKGROUND Ipilimumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 , a key negative regulator of T-cell activation approved by the Food and Drug Administration as of March 2011 for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. As a result of the up-regulation of the

After immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy was approved for renal cell carcinoma last year, this new immune therapy has spread to urology. Further approvals (atezolizumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab) are expected in 2017 for metastatic urothelial carcinoma that has progressed following treatment with

Ipilimumab (Yervoy) is a monocLonal antibody designed to block cytotoxic T cell antigen 4 (CTLA-4), an inhibitory receptor of T lymphocytes. This drug is the first to receive US FDAs approval for advanced stage malignant melanoma in the last 13 years. So far, no survival benefit was achieved for

Nivolumab was recently approved as the first inhibitor of the programmed death 1 (PD-1) receptor and its ligand (PD-L1) for the treatment of urological cancer, namely metastasized renal cell carcinoma after prior therapy. The use of this new immunotherapy requires special therapy monitoring and

Monoclonal antibodies directed against immune checkpoint proteins, such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) or programmed death-1 (PD-1), can boost endogenous immune responses directed against tumor cells. Recently, ipilimumab was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for

To report an unusual case of biopsy-proven autoimmune hypophysitis with predominant hypothalamic involvement associated with empty sella, panhypopituitarism, visual disturbances and antipituitary antibodies positivity. We present the history, physical findings, hormonal assay results, imaging,

BACKGROUND Little has been reported on the costs of managing the adverse events (AEs) associated with current therapies for patients with regional or distant metastatic melanoma. OBJECTIVE To identify treatment-related AEs in patients with metastatic melanoma and to estimate the associated costs of

BACKGROUND Immunotherapy treatment with immune-checkpoint blockade has become a new paradigm in cancer treatment. Despite its efficacy, it has also given rise to a new class of adverse events, immune-related adverse events, which may affect any organ, including the thyroid and the

BACKGROUND CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4) is a modulatory receptor on T cells involved in downregulating T cell activation. In animal models, CTLA-4 blockade abrogates tolerance to "self" antigens, resulting in the augmentation of antitumor immunity and induction of