immunostimulator/dental caries

Infection of humans with filarial parasites has long been associated with the maintenance of a dominant Th2-type host immune response. This is reflected by increases in interleukin (IL)-4- and IL-5-producing T cells, elevated immunoglobulin (Ig)E and IgG4 levels, and a pronounced eosinophilia. The

Synthetic oligonucleotides containing CpG motifs in specific sequence contexts have been shown to induce potent immune responses. We have evaluated mucosal administration of two immunostimulatory sequence (ISS)-containing phosphorothioate-stabilized oligonucleotides for antiherpetic efficacy in

Immunostimulatory effects of 1-O-acylated derivatives of N-acetyl-muramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (MDP) methyl ester, with or without the 6-O-phosphoryl group, on augmentation of IgG antibody response against influenza hemagglutinin (HA) vaccine, in vivo macrophage activation and enhancement of

To develop an immunotherapeutic vaccine for treatment of allergic rhinitis, we developed a controlled release formulation of Cryj1, a major Japanese cedar pollen allergen, with immunostimulatory potency. Two sets of hexapod-like structured DNA (hexapodna) were prepared using six

Host-defense peptides secreted by epithelial cells exhibit cytotoxic and immunoregulatory effects in order to protect the organism against invading microorganisms. Antimicrobial peptides derived from frog skin display both immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive actions as demonstrated by in vitro

Lipopolyamines (LPAs) are cationic lipids; they interact spontaneously with nucleic acids to form lipoplexes used for gene delivery. The main hurdle to using lipoplexes in gene therapy lies in their immunostimulatory properties, so far attributed to the nucleic acid cargo, while cationic lipids were

Dendritic cells in the circulation are leukocytes that are rich in Ia antigens and that actively stimulate T cell replication. We have identified dendritic cells in the joint effusions of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. By phase-contrast and immunofluorescence microscopy, synovial mononuclear

Peritoneal dissemination is one of the most common causes of metastasis from malignancies in the abdominal cavity. However, the treatment of peritoneal dissemination is difficult; patients receiving normal chemotherapy have a 0-1% chance of surviving for 5 years. Milky spots in the greater omentum

When levamisol was added to the antituberculosis therapy of rabbits with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis, intensive infiltration of the zone of lesions with polymorphonuclear cells and their accumulation in cavities, increased numbers of giant multinuclear cells, "macrophage" transformation of

In order to establish the mechanism(s) of immunomodulatory and anti-tumor properties of sheep erythrocytes (SRBC), the T11 target structure (T11TS) or CD58 molecule as a pertinent component of SRBC was isolated, purified and finally administered in rats with experimentally induced brain tumor.

BACKGROUND Mast cells, which play a unique role in inflammatory and allergic responses, have also been shown to actively participate to the build-up of protective host defense mechanisms. Recently, they have been shown to stimulate resting B cells and to form heterotypic aggregates with activated T

Small reducing and linear oligo-beta-(1,3)-glucans, which are able to act as phytoallexin elicitors or as immunostimulating agents in anticancer therapy, were synthesized according to an iterative strategy that involved a unique key monosaccharidic donor. To avoid anomeric mixtures, the reducing

It is clear that leukotrienes mediate inflammatory response; new aspects of leukotriene function have recently been described. In this study, we demonstrate that leukotrienes are key chemical mediators in the control of parasite burdens in mice infected with Strongyloides venezuelensis. High

The objective of the study was to investigate the mechanisms of action of Purple Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench) preparations on the immune system and to define which part of the plant is the most effective as an immunostimulator. METHODS The extracts from overground parts and roots of

BACKGROUND The coinhibitory receptor Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) inhibits effector functions of activated T cells and prevents autoimmunity, however, cancer hijack this pathway to escape from immune attack. The costimulatory receptor glucocorticoid-induced TNFR related protein (GITR) is up-regulated