Subjects were randomly allocated to a group and entered a 4-week "washout period" during which no gum was chewed, followed by a 3-week treatment period (treatment period 1) during which Group A used Xylitol gum.(2 gum pieces, 3 times daily after meals for 6 minutes).Then underwent another 4-week washout period before entering treatment period 2 during which Group A used Gum Sorbitol

Subjects were randomly allocated to a group and entered a 4-week "washout period" during which no gum was chewed, followed by a 3-week treatment period (treatment period 1) during which Group B used sorbitol gum. Group B used Gum Sorbitol (2 gum pieces, 3 times daily after meals for 6 minutes).Then underwent another 4-week washout period before entering treatment period 2 during which Group B used Gum xylitol

Human Microbiome

Xylitol gum contains 70% xylitol in addition to gum base, natural flavors, soy lecithin, gum arabic, titanium dioxide, carnuba wax. Sorbitol gum was similar except that xylitol was replaced by 63% sorbitol and 2% maltitol and aspartame was included.

Xylitol then Sorbitol gum

Sorbitol gum was similar except that xylitol was replaced by 63% sorbitol and 2% maltitol and aspartame was included. Xylitol gum contains 70% xylitol in addition to gum base, natural flavors, soy lecithin, gum arabic, titanium dioxide, carnuba wax.

Sorbitol then Xylitol gum

Xylitol and Sorbitol Effects on the Oral Microbiome

Xylitol and Sorbitol Effects on the Microbiome of Saliva and Plaque

Profile microbial communities of saliva and plaque based high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene.

Reisha Rafeek

Senior Lecturer

The University of The West Indies

J. Craig Venter Institute

Microbiome swab will be collected from the inferior fornix of the lower eyelids to determine composition of the bacterial microbiome of the human ocular surface in normal volunteers and dry eye patients

Dry Eye

Singapore Eye Research Institute

Ocular Surface Microbiome in Dry Eye Patients

Exploratory Study on the Ocular Surface Microbiome and Correlation to Clinical Parameters

Determine the composition of the bacterial microbiome of the human ocular surface in normal volunteers and dry eye patients

Determine the bacterial gene expression (bacterial transcripts) found in the human ocular surface.

Characterise any feature of the microbiome that may be linked to clinical characteristics such as age, status of tearfilm, Meibomian gland dysfunction, exposure to environmental stimulation such as smoking, etc

lysozyme/脳卒中

Xylitol and Sorbitol Effects on the Oral Microbiome

Ocular Surface Microbiome in Dry Eye Patients

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