neurodegenerative diseases/癲癇性発作

Perforant pathway stimulation (PPS) is used to study temporal lobe epilepsy in rodents. High-frequency PPS induces acute seizures, which can lead to neuron death and spontaneous epilepsy. However, the minimum duration of PPS that induces neurodegeneration in naive rodents is unknown. Freely moving

Intracerebral injection of hamster neurotropic (HNT) measles virus in weanling Balb/C mice leads to an encephalitis, which is characterized by glial activation, behavioral seizures, selective neurodegeneration, and, after approximately 7 days, death. To provide a better understanding of the

Epilepsy is a prominent sign of neurological dysfunction in children with various fetal and maternal deficiencies. However, the detailed mechanism and influences underlying epileptic disorders are still unrevealed. The hippocampal neurons are vulnerable to epilepsy-induced pathologic changes and

OBJECTIVE To describe the histopathological lesions of a new canine disease characterised by progressive ataxia, head tremor and seizures, and to deduce the cause of the lesions. METHODS Formalin-fixed tissues were processed into paraffin wax and epoxy resin for light and transmission electron

Apoptosis is a cell-suicide process that appears to play a central role not only during normal neuronal development but also in several neuropathological disease states. An important component of this process is a proteolytic cascade involving a family of cysteine proteases called caspases. Caspase

It has been reported that both activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and acid-sensing ion channels during cerebral ischemic insult contributed to brain injury. But which of these two molecular targets plays a more pivotal role in hypoxia-induced brain injury during ischemia is not known. In

Synaptojanin 1 is encoded by the SYNJ1(MIM 604297) and plays a major role in phosphorylation and recycling of synaptic vesicles. Mutation of SYNJ1 is associated with two distinct phenotypes; a known homozygous missense mutation (p.Arg258Gln) associated with early-onset Parkinson disease (MIM

Reactive oxygen species have been implicated in the development of seizures under pathological conditions and linked to seizure-induced neurodegeneration. There has been little direct evidence, however, of free radical production resulting from seizures. Using amygdala-kindled rats, we have examined

We tested a hypothesis that manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) after systemic injection of MnCl(2) could detect axonal sprouting in the hippocampus following kainate (KA) induced status epilepticus (SE). MEMRI was performed at 3 h, 25 h, 4 days, and 2 months post-SE. To assess the

Structural changes in neurons and oxidative stress in hippocampus were studied in rats "tolerant" (TR) and susceptible (SR) to tonic and clonic seizures in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindling. The number of normal neurons was significantly decreased in CA1 subfield of TR hippocampus after 11

Infusion of the K(+) channel blocker 4-aminopyridine in the hippocampus induces the release of glutamate, as well as seizures and neurodegeneration. Since an imbalance between excitation and inhibition, as well as alterations of ion channels, may be involved in these effects of 4-aminopyridine, we

Previous studies demonstrated that the spiny rat Proechimys guyannensis exhibits resistance to experimental epilepsy. Neural activation was studied in the Proechimys hippocampus, using Fos induction, within 24 h after pilocarpine-induced seizures; neurodegenerative events were investigated in

Epilepsy is a common and serious neurological disorder characterized by occurrence of recurrent spontaneous seizures, and emerging evidences support the association of mitochondrial dysfunction with epilepsy. Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5), localized in mitochondrial matrix, has been considered as an important

K-Cl co-transporters are encoded by four homologous genes and may have roles in transepithelial transport and in the regulation of cell volume and cytoplasmic chloride. KCC3, an isoform mutated in the human Anderman syndrome, is expressed in brain, epithelia and other tissues. To investigate the

The links among the extent of hippocampal neurodegeneration, the frequency of spontaneous recurrent motor seizures (SRMS), and the degree of aberrant mossy fiber sprouting (MFS) in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) are a subject of contention because of variable findings in different animal models and