noradrenaline/obesity

The gastrointestinal tract begins its colonization shortly after the birth. During the first two years of life, microbiota is unstable and less diverse than in adulthood, when its complexity and diversity are modified. There are more than 100 trillion microorganisms hosted in the gut, mostly as

Adenosine is a purine nucleoside released locally in BAT when noradrenaline and ATP are released from sympathetic nerves. Recently it was found that adenosine activates murine and human brown adipocytes, and recruits beiging of white fat via adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR). Furthermore, studies with

The combination of naltrexone with noradrenaline/dopamine reuptake blocker bupropion has been developed and FDA-approved for the treatment of obesity in the general population. Naltrexone does not normally produce weight loss in humans and bupropion produces modest weight loss, however the

Despite recent developments in postoperative pain control, many patients still suffer from moderate to severe pain after surgery. It is estimated that postoperative severe pain occurs in 20 to 40% of surgical procedures. With the recent increase in obesity incidence in the last years, the need for

For years, the Surgical Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital Basel has used an early enteral approach for the feeding of critically ill patients with different formulas that have high protein content (20% of total energy). However, the energy goal in the first week is only 20 kcal for

Binge-eating disorder recently included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 5th Edition, is now recognized as a serious public health problem. Binge-eating disorder is associated with obesity and psychiatric comorbidities, including depression, and may be predictive of metabolic syndrome. Many

Background of the study: Morbidly obese patients selected for elective bariatric surgery have major anesthetic concerns. The risks include a difficult airway, difficult mask ventilation, hypoxemia, pre-existent restrictive and obstructive lung disease and residual anesthetics postoperatively due to

Similarities between metabolic syndrome obesity and hypercortisolemic conditions such as Cushing's syndrome have raised interest in the pathogenic role of glucocorticoid excess in this clinical setting. Cortisol is a well known counter-regulator of insulin action and increased levels of serum

Aside from its obvious impact on renal function, chronic hypertension significantly increases the risk for stroke, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and vascular disease, and it is believed to mediate the pathogenesis and progression of cardiac arrhythmias via its remodeling effects on cardiac

A number of factors predispose subjects to both hypertension and SAS, including overweight/obesity and hyperinsulinism. The pathogenesis of concomitant overweight/obesity and hypertension is multifactorial. There is an independent relationship between the degree of insulin resistance and the

Obesity is the result of an imbalance between energy intake (EI) and energy expenditure (EE). Thus, two ways to treat obesity are to reduce EI or increase EE. Bioactive food ingredients affecting energy metabolism, e.g. EE, fat oxidation, satiety and EI may help people to successfully control or

The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common hormonal disorders in women of reproductive age. As a syndrome it has multiple components, such as reproductive (chronic anovulation and infertility), metabolic and cardiovascular. Although lean women present PCOS, obesity is one of the

The rapidly growing burden of obesity together with a population that is becoming older raises the importance of effective strategies for the primary prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome in order to combat the epidemic of type 2 diabetes and to reduce the increased risk of

Obesity is a chronic devastating disease and is becoming a major health and socioeconomic issue worldwide. Obesity significantly exacerbates many other chronic illnesses and increases mortality and morbidities of patients.1-2 Although the situation in Asians is less apparent and critical than in

Background: Autonomic dysfunction, namely increased sympathetic drive and reduced vagal tone, may participate in the pathogenesis and complications of the MetS. Weight loss and aerobic exercise are first-line therapeutic strategies that are known to be beneficial in lowering blood pressure,