pacific/carbohydrate

The prevalence of varicose veins has been studied in several population-based samples in the South Pacific. There is a striking gradient in the age-standardized prevalence rates (0 x 8 per cent to 43 x 7 per cent) with atoll dwellers having the lowest rates, Rarotongans intermediate rates, and New

Dental caries (tooth decay) was uncommon in Pacific Island communities before European trading and migration expanded into the Region. The etiology of this oral microbial disease is a consequence of changed diets, food preparation and lifestyle. In particular, the easy availability of a high level

Traditional diets of the Pacific have been historically associated with very low rates of coronary heart disease. Both Pacific rim and Pacific island diets are uniformly very low in fat (approximately 10-15%) and high in complex carbohydrate, dietary fiber, and foods of plant origin. With the high

A family of hitherto undescribed sialoglycoproteins has been isolated from the eggs of Pacific herring in a yield about 10 times as much as phosvitin known as a major protein component of the eggs. The sialoglycoproteins are composed of 60-50% of carbohydrates and 40-50% of protein. The carbohydrate

The globally distributed diazotroph Trichodesmium contributes importantly to nitrogen inputs in the oligotrophic oceans. Sites of dissolved organic matter (DOM) accumulation could promote the mixotrophic nutrition of Trichodesmium when inorganic nutrients are scarce. Nano-scale secondary ion mass

Antibodies to group A streptococcal carbohydrate, demonstrable by radioimmunoassay, were elicited in Pacific hagfish, Eptatretus stoutii, after prolonged immunization with whole cell vaccine. This hagfish antibody, isolated by ion-exchange chromatography of immune serum, exhibited a single

We examined rates of N2 fixation from the surface to 2000 m depth in the Eastern Tropical South Pacific (ETSP) during El Niño (2010) and La Niña (2011). Replicated vertical profiles performed under oxygen-free conditions show that N2 fixation takes place both in euphotic and aphotic waters, with

Invertebrates lack canonical adaptive immunity and mainly rely on innate immune system to fight against pathogens. The phagocytes, which could engulf and kill microbial pathogens, are likely to be of great importance and have to undertake significant roles in invertebrate immune defense. In the

OBJECTIVE Pacific Islander Americans are a small, but quickly growing population that experiences alarming disparities in obesity and obesity-related chronic illnesses influenced by dietary patterns. This population also has a unique culinary heritage including traditional foods and more

Pacific people (especially Micronesian and Polynesian) have some of the highest rates of obesity and diabetes in the world that largely developed since the introduction of western culture and diet. Recent studies suggest that much of the risk relates to the excessive intake of sugar (sucrose) and

In lecithotrophic larvae, egg yolk nutrients are essential for development. Although yolk proteins and lipids are the major nutrient sources for most animal embryos and larvae, the contribution of carbohydrates to development has been less understood. In this study, we assessed glucose and glycogen

The molecular response to hypoxia stress in aquatic invertebrates remains relatively unknown. In this study, we investigated the response of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas to hypoxia under experimental conditions and focused on the analysis of the differential expression patterns of specific

The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, has evolved sophisticated mechanisms to adapt the changing ambient conditions, and protect themselves from stress-induced injuries. In the present study, the expression profiles of mRNA transcripts in the haemocytes of oysters under heat stress were examined to

This study aims to evaluate the influence of different carbohydrate sources on water quality, growth performance and immunomodulation in pacific white shrimp and to find an alternate for molasses in biofloc system. The experiment consists of 8 biofloc treatments with different carbon sources, C1

Five non-sulfated triterpene glycosides, synallactosides A(1) (1), A(2) (2), B(1) (3), B(2) (4), and C (5), have been isolated from the sea cucumber Synallactes nozawai. Their structures have been deduced by extensive analysis of NMR and mass spectra. The glycosides 2-5 are new glycosides.