20ml Liposomal Bupivacaine 1.3% (13.3mg/mL), injected to the buccal mucosal graft harvest site.

No local anesthetics injected to the buccal mucosal graft harvest site

Urethral Stricture

20ml of Liposomal Bupivacaine 1.3% (13.3mg/mL)

Liposomal Bupivacaine

Urology of Virginia

Liposomal Bupivacaine To Control Post-Operative Pain Following BMG

Liposomal Bupivacaine To Control Post-Operative Pain Following Buccal Mucosal Graft Harvesting

Continuous variables to be assessed as: Post-operative oral pain score measured using 10 point visual analogue score for pain assessment (minimum 0 or no pain to maximum 10 most painful)

Continuous variable to be assessed as : Narcotics requested by the patient and administered post-procedural day 1 and day 2 (Total and separately assessed). All narcotics will be converted to IV morphine equianalgesic equivalent conversion factors according to American Pain Society

Event rate nominal variable to be assessed as: oral morbidity post-procedure categorized according to Clavien Dindo-Classification

Event rate nominal variable to be assessed using survey question (yes or no)

Event rate nominal variable to be assessed using survey question (more, less or none)

Patient blinded for the intraoperative intervention given (With Liposomal Bupivacaine injection to the buccal mucosal graft harvest site or not)

A humidified mixture of gas will be delivered by mask, nasal cannulae, and small room-sized tent. Inspiratory oxygen fraction (FiO2) will be gradually decreased to 11% over a period or five days to obtain a peripheral capillary O2 saturation (SpO2) between 80%-85% (corresponding to 40-55 mmHg of arterial partial oxygen pressure (PaO2)). Healthy volunteers will be monitored and blood and urine will be obtained at 24h and 48 hours after returning to normoxia.

Healthy Volunteers

To create the correct gas mixture, nitrogen tanks or membrane technology nitrogen generators will be utilized.
Humidified, high flow, hypoxic gas by nasal cannula will allow the participant to walk short distances, eat, execute basic personal needs (e.g., use of toilette, washing, bathing etc.), or take breaks from wearing the mask.

Inhaled Nitrogen

Inhaled nitric oxide selectively reverses human hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction without causing systemic vasodilation.

Hypoxia as a therapy for mitochondrial disease.

Daily intermittent hypoxia enhances walking after chronic spinal cord injury: a randomized trial.

Massachusetts General Hospital

Prolonged Hypoxic Breathing in Healthy Volunteers: a Safety Study

Physiological and Biochemical Response to Prolonged Exposure to Hypoxic Breathing in Healthy Volunteers

Peripheral oxygen saturation of the healthy volunteers receiving different levels of FiO2 will be continuously monitored for the 5 days of hypoxia titration and the 2 days after return to normoxia.

Erythropoietin will be tested each day during the 7 day study period.

Pulmonary pressure will be non-invasively measured via transthoracic echocardiography each day during the 7 day study period.

Plasma reactive oxygen species (ROS) will be evaluated each day during the 7 day study period.

Venous acid-base status will be evaluated each day during the 7 day study period.

Systemic blood pressure will be regularly monitored during the 7 day study period.

Heart rate will be continuously monitored via electrocardiography (EKG) during the 7 day study period.

Respiratory rate will be regularly monitored during the 7 day study period.

Lactate levels will be tested each day during the 7 day study period.

Alpha-hydroxybutyrate levels will be tested each day during the 7 day study period.

Lorenzo Berra, MD

Assistant Professor of Anesthesia

Rezoagli, Emanuele, M.D., Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

Ferrari, Michele, M.D., Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

Patel, Sarvagna, B.A., Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

Zapol, Warren M., M.D., Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

Fisher, Daniel, R.R.T., Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

Jain, Isha, B.A., Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

Mootha, Vamsi, M.D., Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

Harris, Stuart N., M.D., Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

Karaa, Amel, M.D., Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

Head-up tilt, vasoreactivity, standing up.

Head-up tilt, vasoreactivity, sitting to standing-up

Type 2 Diabetics

Non-diabetic Controls

Total

Sex: Female, Male

CO2 reactivity will be measured as the slope of regression between TCD_BFV and CO2 changes during baseline, hyperventilation, and CO2 re-breathing.

To Compare Profiles of TCD-blood Flow Velocities (TCD_BFV).

CO2 reactivity will be measured as the slope of regression between UT_BF or UT_Ox and CO2 changes during baseline, hyperventilation, and CO2 re-breathing.

syncope/hypoxia

Liposomal Bupivacaine To Control Post-Operative Pain Following BMG

Prolonged Hypoxic Breathing in Healthy Volunteers: a Safety Study

UTLight-transcranial Doppler Assessment of Regional Cerebral Autoregulation

Effects of Aircraft Cabin Altitude on Passenger Comfort and Discomfort

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