Dipping pattern is defined as daytime-nighttime BP/daytime BP reduction - based on either ABP monitoring- greater than 10% for systolic and/or diastolic BP.
Extreme dipping is marked nocturnal systolic and/or diastolic BP fall>20% of daytime systolic and/or diastolic values or night/day systolic and/or diastolic BP ratio <0.8.
Patients in this group will be dippers or extreme dippers. We aim to examine the association of this BP pattern with the development of asymptomatic episodes of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, in hypertensive subjects.

Non-dipping and rising: no reduction or increase in nocturnal systolic and/or diastolic BP or night/day systolic and/or diastolic BP ratio ≥1.
In this group we aim to examine whether an association exists between the non-dipping pattern and the development of asymptomatic episodes of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in hypertensive subjects.

It is known that morning surge is the excessive systolic and/or diastolic BP elevation rising in the morning.
Patients in this group will have morning hypertension that is classified into two types:
the "morning-surge" type, characterized by a marked increase in blood pressure in the early morning, and the "nocturnal-hypertension" type, characterized by high blood pressure that persists from nighttime until early morning.
In our study we will examine whether an association between morning hypertension and asymptomatic episodes of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation exists in hypertensive subjects.

Hypertension - Atrial Fibrillation

Evangelismos General Hospital

Association of Dipping Pattern or Early Morning Surge of BP With Asymptomatic Episodes of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation in Subjects With Hypertension (DIMOSPAF)

Association Between Circadian Blood Pressure Patterns With Asymptomatic Episodes of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation in Hypertensive Subjects

• To investigate whether nighttime BP patterns (extreme dipping, normal dipping or reduced dipping and non-dipping including risers) or early morning surge are associated with the detection of paroxysmal AF in hypertensive subjects.

• To observe at which level of TOD, asymptomatic AF episodes are more commonly detected.

• To study if there is any relationship between systolic and/or diastolic BP levels with AF occurrence.

• To examine whether office HR or mean HR using ABPM is associated with the development of silent AF episodes.

• To examine whether a wide PP in ABPM is associated with the development of silent AF episodes.

white coat hypertension/アルブミン

Association of Dipping Pattern or Early Morning Surge of BP With Asymptomatic Episodes of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation in Subjects With Hypertension (DIMOSPAF)

White Coat Hypertension and Antihypertensive Treatment Effect - SCOR in Hypertension

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