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Rev Fac Cien Med Univ Nac Cordoba 2020-Sep

[Assessment of the intake of macronutrients, physical activity and nutritional status of adults with HIV in Córdoba, Argentina]

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Guillermo Fernández
María Del Vo
Jesica Balbo
Roberto Sánchez
María Oberto

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요약

Introduction: HIV infection is one of the main public health problems worldwide and more than 30 years after the description of the first case of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a stage that reflects the final clinical expression with the consequent destruction of the immune system, its impact on health systems is very important. A balanced diet and the regular practice of physical activity contribute to maintaining an adequate nutritional status, which together with highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) delay the development of the disease

Objective: To analyze whether intake of macronutrient and physical activity are associated with the nutritional status of patients with HIV under HAART.

Methods: Were included 31 adults of both sexes with HIV under HAART without prior comorbidity, willing to participate with consent and assisted in a Private Clinic of Córdoba Capital city between 2016-2017. The lipid and glycemic profiles were recorded from the medical records. Were assessed the body mass index (BMI), macronutrient intake and physical activity Fisher was applied with p <0.05.

Results: Fifteen patients (48.4%) presented normal BMI and 14 (45.2%) overweight/obesity. The average percentage distribution of macronutrient intake was adequate. Twelve patients (38.7%) performed 60 min/day to light activities and 11 (35.5%) to moderate/vigorous activities. No association was found between nutritional status and physical activity level, nor between nutritional status and macronutrient consumption.

Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight/obesity and low levels of physical activity are similar to the general population.

Introducción: La infección por el VIH es uno de los principales problemas de salud pública a nivel mundial y a más de 30 años de la descripción del primer caso del síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (SIDA), estadio que refleja la expresión clínica final con la consecuente destrucción del sistema inmunitario, su impacto en los sistemas de salud es muy importante. Una alimentación equilibrada y la práctica regular de actividad física contribuyen a mantener un adecuado estado nutricional, que junto con el Tratamiento Antirretroviral de Gran Actividad (TARGA) retrasan el desarrollo de la enfermedad.

Objetivo: Analizar si la ingesta de macronutrientes y actividad física se asocian con el estado nutricional de pacientes con HIV bajo TARGA.

Métodos: Se incluyeron 31 adultos de ambos sexos con VIH bajo TARGA sin comorbilidad previa, con voluntad de participar bajo consentimiento y asistidos en una Clínica Privada de Córdoba Capital entre 2016-2017. De las historias clínicas se registró perfil lipídico y glucémico. Se valoró el índice de masa corporal (IMC), ingesta de macronutrientes y actividad física. Se aplicó Fisher con un p< 0,05.

Resultados: Quince pacientes (48,4%) presentaron IMC normal y 14 (45,2%) sobrepeso/obesidad. La distribución porcentual promedio de ingesta de macronutrientes fue adecuada. Doce pacientes (38,7%) realizaron 60 min/día de actividades livianas y 11 (35,5%) actividades moderadas/vigorosas. No se encontró asociación entre estado nutricional y nivel de actividad física, tampoco entre estado nutricional y consumo de macronutrientes.

Conclusión: La prevalencia de sobrepeso/obesidad y bajos niveles de actividad física son similares a la población general.

Keywords: VIH; macronutrients; physical activity; body mass index.

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