Patients receiving ESPB will be enrolled to this group.

Anesthesia

Bupivacaine Adverse Reaction

Measuring the plasma concentration level of bupivacaine after applying ESPB

Bupivacaine

Maltepe University Medical Faculty

Bupivacaine Levels After ESPB

Measurement of Bupivacaine Level Following ESPB (Erector Spinae Plane Block ) as a Part of Multimodal Analgesia

Determining plasma bupivacaine level after injection

Onur Selvi

Associate professor

Maltepe University

30 patients will receive intravenous 3mg/kg lidocaine 2 % (diluted with normal saline to 40 ml) + 0.5 mg neostigmine for Bier block.

30 patients will receive intravenous 3mg/kg lidocaine 2 % (diluted with normal saline to 40 ml) + 8 mg dexamethasone for Bier block.

Adjuvants, Anesthesia

Patients will receive intravenous 3mg/kg lidocaine 2 % (diluted with normal saline to 40 ml) + 0.5 mg neostigmine for Bier block.

Neostigmine

Patients will receive intravenous 3mg/kg lidocaine 2 % (diluted with normal saline to 40 ml) + 8 mg dexamethasone for Bier block.

Dexamethasone

Assiut university hospital

Neostigmine Versus Dexamethasone as Adjuvants to Lidocaine During Intravenous Local Anesthesia

Efficacy of Neostigmine Versus Dexamethasone as Adjuvants to Lidocaine During Intravenous Local Anesthesia for Forearm Orthopedic Surgeries

perfalgan will be given when visual analogue score ≥ 4

Percentage of patients with any complications will be recorded

MOHAMED F. MOSTAFA

Lecturer of Anesthesia and Intensive Care

Assiut University

Patients will receive liposomal bupivacaine following simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty.

Patients will receive liposomal bupivacaine following simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty.
Liposomal bupivacaine: One (1) 20 mL vial of 266 mg liposomal bupivacaine (3% (~8mg free bupivacaine)) will be injected into each surgical (knee) site following simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty. In addition, 30 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine (75 mg free bupivacaine) will be injected into each surgical (knee) site for a total of 83 mg free bupivacaine injected into each surgical (knee) site.

Liposomal Bupivacaine

Sex: Female, Male

Race and Ethnicity Not Collected

Region of Enrollment

Body Mass Index

Number of Participants with Adverse Events

Adverse Events

Blood samples will be drawn and analyzed to establish levels of bupivacaine detectable in the blood. Blood samples will be drawn at baseline (prior to injection), upon injection, at 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours post-injection and analyzed to determine levels of bupivacaine present.

Plasma Bupivacaine Levels

Overall Study

Senior Research Scientist

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee

Pain

One (1) 20 mL vial of 266 mg liposomal bupivacaine (3% (~8mg free bupivacaine)) will be injected into each surgical (knee) site following simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty. In addition, 30 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine (75 mg free bupivacaine) will be injected into each surgical (knee) site for a total of 83 mg free bupivacaine injected into each surgical (knee) site.

Liposomal bupivacaine

OrthoCarolina, PA

Liposomal Bupivacaine in Simultaneous Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty

The Safety of Liposomal Bupivacaine in Simultaneous Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty

OrthoCarolina Research Institute, Inc.

Participants will receive Exparel (periarticular bupivicaine and liposomal bupivicaine).

Participants received Exparel (periarticular bupivicaine and liposomal bupivicaine).
periarticular bupivicaine and liposomal bupivicaine: Participants received Exparel (liposomal bupivacaine). Exparel is a FDA approved product. Exparel is an extended-release formulation of bupivacaine consisting of microscopic lipid-based particles that diffuse over an extended period. The result is pain relief that can last up to 96 hours after surgery. Extended-release liposomal bupivacaine-based analgesics were shown to provide extended pain relief and decrease opioid (pain medication) use. At the conclusion of the total joint arthroplasty procedure, Exparel was administered via injection into the joint (periarticular bupivicaine and liposomal bupivicaine).

Exparalel

Surgery Performed

Bupivocaine levels measured in the blood that is collected in a surgical drain post surgery. Blood samples will be tested for change in serum bupivicaine levels from baseline.

Change in Blood Serum Levels of Bupivocaine From Baseline

Exparel

Knee Pain Arthritis

Participants will receive Exparel (liposomal bupivacaine). Exparel is a FDA approved product. Exparel is an extended-release formulation of bupivacaine consisting of microscopic lipid-based particles that diffuse over an extended period. The result is pain relief that can last up to 96 hours after surgery. Extended-release liposomal bupivacaine-based analgesics were shown to provide extended pain relief and decrease opioid (pain medication) use. At the conclusion of the total joint arthroplasty procedure, Exparel is administered via injection into the joint (periarticular bupivicaine and liposomal bupivicaine).

cardiotoxicity/seizures

Bupivacaine Levels After ESPB

Neostigmine Versus Dexamethasone as Adjuvants to Lidocaine During Intravenous Local Anesthesia

Liposomal Bupivacaine in Simultaneous Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty

Serum Levels of Bupivacaine in Autotransfusion Drains Following Total Joint Arthroplasty

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