Inflammation is affected by topical application of a boron containing compound/complex in which a central tetrahedral boron atom is covalently bound to four ligands. At least one of the ligands preferably includes an oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, or sulfur atom, and preferably all four ligands include at least one such atom. Preferred ligands are saccharides and amino acids, including fructose, sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, sorbose, serine and threonine. Especially preferred ligands have a conformation with at least two hydroxyl groups, or one hydroxyl group and one amino group in a 1,2- and a 1,3-position relative to each other, providing a high association constant in the range of about 3,000 and about 20,000. The compounds/complexes are preferably provided in formulations which provide good transdermal delivery, including appropriate solvent systems, microemulsions, liposomes. Particularly targeted inflammations are those of the joints and skin, including bums such as sunburn.

Boron compounds and complexes as anti-inflammatory agents

Topical application of fructose-1,6-diphosphate, its derivatives and/or precursors are used for treating or preventing epidermal or mucosal aging and inflammation. In preferred embodiments, the fructose diphosphate (or its derivative) is applied in admixture with a dermally, ophthalmically, orally, or nasally acceptable carrier. Topical application lessens symptoms of urticaria, atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis among other inflammatory conditions and inhibit microscarring of the dermis.

Fructose diphosphate topical compositions

The invention relates to a method for the diagnostic investigation of biological samples from a person for inflammation of the liver, in particular hepatic fibrosis and/or cirrhosis of the liver, where the sample is investigated for one or more proteins as markers of inflammation of the liver, in particular hepatic fibrosis and/or cirrhosis of the liver, where a concentration of the proteins which is elevated or decreased by comparison with the healthy state indicates the presence of an inflammation of the liver, in particular a hepatic fibrosis and/or cirrhosis of the liver. The proteins are selected from the group of ER6Q, vimentin, actin alpha 1 skeletal muscle protein, hMFAP 4, tropomyosin, PTGES 2, amyloid P component, transgelin, calponin 1, homo sapiens p20 protein, 17 kDa myosin light chain, H chain H Igg B12, prolyl 4-hydroxylase, beta subunit methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1, PRO2619, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, fibrinogen alpha chain preproprotein, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase B, argininosuccinate synthetase, Eefla2, AT P 5 A1, alpha-2 actin, regucalcin, serum albumin, mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase or in each case a partial sequence thereof.

fructose/inflammation

Boron compounds and complexes as anti-inflammatory agents

Fructose diphosphate topical compositions

Biomarkers for inflammation of the liver

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