insulin resistance/hypoxia

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by an increasing insensitivity of muscle, fat and liver cells to the hormone insulin. About 9% of the global population is affected by this condition and mortality risk is twice as high in individuals with diabetes compared to similar-aged people without

Global diabetes mellitus prevalence is rapidly increasing. In 2015, IDF reported that Singapore has 12.8% of its population diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, of which more than 90 percent are type 2 diabetes with underlying insulin resistance. With the aging population and increasing prevalence of

- In vitro fertilization (IVF) is an important tool for those couples with difficulty conceiving or maintaining a pregnancy. In the United States, infants conceived with IVF account for approximately 1.6% of live births. - Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a highly prevalent gynecological disease,

In the present randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study, subjects will be exposed to normobaric 1) mild hypoxia (oxygen level: 15%) and 2) normoxia (oxygen level: 21%) during exercise (2 x 30min/day on a cycle ergometer) of the same relative exercise intensity (equal to 50%WMAX

Aggressive muscle wasting occurs early in critical illness, and is associated with a greater number of days on a ventilator, increased length of intensive care unit (ICU) and/or hospital stay, and subsequent functional impairment which may last years. Hospital care costs, and ongoing costs of

Sleep apnoea (SA) is highly prevalent in general population. It is a sex-specific respiratory disease with a lower incidence in women than in men but it increases after menopause. SA and nocturnal intermittent hypoxia (IH) predict the risks of metabolic syndrome independently of obesity, and in

Specific Aims: - To examine the relative efficacy of postural therapy (a 15-degree wedge mattress) on measures of chronic cardiometabolic stress in high altitude residents. - To determine the tolerability of postural therapy. Primary outcomes, at 4 and 8 weeks: - Mean nocturnal oxyhemoglobin

Background of the Project including Preliminary Observations Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including preeclampsia, complicate up to 10% of pregnancies worldwide, constituting one of the greatest causes of fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, low birth weight, perinatal mortality, and

The dogma over the past 3 decades, particularly in the field of sleep medicine, has been that intermittent hypoxia (IH) is a detrimental stimulus that leads to a number of co‐morbidities including autonomic (e.g. increased sympathetic nervous system activity), cardiovascular (e.g. hypertension,

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition associated with significant adverse health outcomes. An estimated 25% of men and 10% of women will have OSA during their lifetime. OSA is associated with an increased prevalence of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes and, with severe degrees of

Pre-eclampsia is a disorder of pregnancy characterized by hypertension (defined as systolic blood pressure ⩾140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ⩾90 mmHg) and proteinuria (300 mg or greater in a 24 h urine specimen and/or protein to creatinine ratio of > 0.30) . The disorder usually occurs after 20

Obesity is associated with numerous metabolic complications including Type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and several forms of cancer. However, the presence of these obesity-related metabolic abnormalities varies among obese individuals. The phenotype