insulin resistance/tyrosine

Visit 1 Screening: All subjects will be performed indirect calorimetry to determine rates of energy expenditure and glucose/lipid oxidation for 40 minutes prior to all other procedures to obtain a fasting calorimetry. Subjects then will have a 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test to document the

AIM 1: To determine whether MS is associated with intramuscular lipid accumulation and impaired skeletal muscle metabolism and perfusion in human PAH. Rationale: MS and IR are highly prevalent amongst PAH patients even in the absence of obesity and diabetes. There are several lines of evidence in

Several biochemical mechanisms explaining how Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) provides an effective treatment for obesity associated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and improves hyperglycemia independently of weight loss have been proposed. Two are of particular interest; a) the hindgut hypothesis

Women who choose to terminate pregnancy because of maternal factors at the first and second trimester, or delivered at term in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were enrolled in the study. Samples for measurement were obtained from women undergoing induced abortion or caesarean

Idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by bradykinesia (slowness of movements) associated with tremor at rest and/or muscle rigidity. PD is typically associated with a significant loss of dopaminergic neurons in the

Study Design: The study is a prospective, un-blinded, randomized interventional clinical trial comparing ModMeD to standard cardiac diet in 48 (24 per arm) inpatients with type II DM scheduled for CABG at MMC and who are scheduled to stay in the hospital for four (4) or more days prior to

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an enveloped, single-stranded positive-sense Ribo-Nucleic Acid virus which is a major cause of chronic liver diseases, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and infects approximately 3 % of the world population(150-170 million). One of the countries

After consumption of a meal, pancreatic secretions of various digestive enzymes results in the breakdown of carbohydrates into monosaccharides including glucose. These sugars are subsequently absorbed through the intestinal lumen, resulting in an increased plasma glucose concentration. In response

The consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners has a high prevalence. The effect of non-nutritive sweeteners in both beta-cell function and insulin resistance it is unknown. Previous studies performed in animal models and humans with diverse characteristics have shown variable effects of different

All subjects will be admitted to the GCRC in the afternoon before the tests (Day 1) and will undergo a thorough physical examination. Routine admission lab tests (including a 2-h 75g OGTT) and body composition measurements will be obtained. A standardized dinner will be served at ~ 6PM. The next

Differential hormone sensitivity is associated with Noonan Syndrome and participates in the development of some symptoms. The investigators have demonstrated that MAPK upregulation in Noonan Syndrome is responsible for partial growth hormone (GH) insensitivity, and subsequent growth

Palmitic acid (PA), impairs insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle, and replacing PA in the diet with oleic acid (OA), a monounsaturated fatty acid (FA), may be beneficial. The first objective of this project is to understand the effects on lipid metabolism and skeletal muscle lipid composition,

Following severe burn injury in human patients the mitochondrial fat oxygenation capacity is decreased in muscle. This is associated with a corresponding progression in the severity of the resistance to the action of insulin on glucose disposal and protein synthesis and breakdown in muscle,