malaria/프롤린

We have conducted a survey of proline-rich (PxxP) motifs in the proteomes of human, mouse, yeast, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Plasmodium falciparum. Our analyses reveal a strikingly high occurrence of these motifs in each organism, suggesting a wide dependence on protein-protein interaction

A major sporozoite surface antigen, the circumsporozoite protein, has been identified in all four malaria parasites affecting humans and in numerous species causing malaria in rodents and simians. The corresponding genes have been cloned and sequenced, and considerable similarities are apparent. An

Cyclase-associated proteins (CAPs) are evolutionary conserved G-actin-binding proteins that regulate microfilament turnover. CAPs have a modular structure consisting of an N-terminal adenylate cyclase binding domain, a central proline-rich segment, and a C-terminal actin binding domain. Protozoan

Using the chain build-up procedure based on the program ECEPP, we have computed the lowest energy structures for two terminally blocked subsequences from the antigenic circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium berghei, that is known to cause malaria in animals. The full antigenic sequence is an

Rational strategies for obtaining malaria vaccine candidates should include not only a proper selection of target antigens for antibody stimulation, but also a versatile molecular design based on ordering the right pieces from the complex pathogen molecular puzzle towards more active and functional

The effectiveness of synthetic vaccines is dependent upon the chance event that antibodies formed against largely disordered peptides can bind native protein surfaces which are often ordered. To improve on this situation, new methods are being developed for the conformational restriction of

Malaria continues to cause extensive morbidity and mortality in man. The exact number of individuals affected is not known. Estimates vary from 200 to 400 million, and more than one million die each year. Protective immunity against malaria can be obtained by vaccination with irradiated sporozoites.

Serine protease inhibitors (serpins) in insects function within development, wound healing and immunity. The genome of the African malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae, encodes 23 distinct serpin proteins, several of which are implicated in disease-relevant physiological responses. A. gambiae serpin 18

In a previous study, human beings were vaccinated with a P. falciparum malaria vaccine candidate consisting of tetanus toxoid coupled to linear (Asn-Ala-Asn-Pro)3 ((NANP)3). The vaccine initiated protection in some people, but some individuals mainly produced anti-peptide antibodies that did not

Chitinases that function in the molting of the larval exoskeleton have been characterized previously. However, chitinase expression in an adult insect gut has not been described. Here we report on the initial characterization and cloning of a novel chitinase gene that is expressed specifically in

Intraerythrocytic malaria parasites degrade haemoglobin to provide nutrients for their own growth and maturation. Plasmodium aspartic proteases known as plasmepsins play an important role on haemoglobin degradation and are being studied as drug targets for chemotherapy of malaria. The rodent model

BACKGROUND Drug resistance remains a major public health challenge for malaria treatment and eradication. Individual loci associated with drug resistance to many antimalarials have been identified, but their epistasis with other resistance mechanisms has not yet been elucidated. RESULTS We

The low bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) and its precursor, arginine, contributes to the microvascular pathophysiology of severe falciparum malaria. To better characterize the mechanisms underlying hypoargininemia in severe malaria, we measured the plasma concentrations of amino acids involved

Malaria remains a major public health problem due to the emergence and spread of Plasmodium falciparum strains resistant to chloroquine. There is an urgent need to investigate new and effective sources of antimalarial drugs. This research proposed a novel method of fern-mediated synthesis of silver

Olfaction plays a crucial role in many aspects of insect behaviour, including host selection by agricultural pests and vectors of human disease. Insect odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are thought to function as the first step in molecular recognition and the transport of semiochemicals. The whole