proteinase/diarrhea

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), the prototypic pestivirus, possesses a positive-strand RNA genome with a single large open reading frame (ORF) encoding about 4000 amino acids. We have endeavored to elucidate the mechanisms involved in protein biogenesis by this pestivirus. Here, we present our

Members of the Flaviviridae encode a serine proteinase termed NS3 that is responsible for processing at several sites in the viral polyproteins. In this report, we show that the NS3 proteinase of the pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) (NADL strain) is required for processing at

A simple and economical method was developed for using biotinylated DNA probes to hybridize with bacterial colonies belonging to the various categories of diarrhea-causing Escherichia coli. Simplification and cost containment were achieved by using Whatman no. 541 filter papers instead of

Serine proteases are versatile signaling molecules and often exert this function by activating the proteinase-activated receptors (PAR(1)-PAR(4)). Our previous study on the mouse cecum has shown that the PAR(1)-activating peptide (AP) and PAR(2)-AP both induced electrogenic anion secretion. This

Clostridium difficile is the major cause of hospital-acquired infectious diarrhea and colitis in developed countries. The pathogenicity of C. difficile is mainly mediated by the release of 2 large potent exotoxins, toxin A (TcdA) and toxin B (TcdB), both of which require neutralization to prevent

Biochemical and gross pathological effects of diquat were studied with special attention to cysteine proteinase inhibitor level which was often increased in acute and chronic disorder. Diquat was fed continuously to rats at the dose of 1000 ppm in the diet. After 10 days, anorexia and severe

BACKGROUND Idiopathic acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome (AHDS) is characterized by acute onset of bloody diarrhea, severe dehydration, and increased vascular and intestinal mucosal permeability. Markers of gastrointestinal inflammation, protein loss, and changes in the intestinal microbiota have

The detection of persistent bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infections in cattle by DNA dot blot hybridization was done with a cloned cDNA probe prepared from noncytopathic BVDV (strain NY-1). Due to the variability of specific hybridization results, detection of BVDV by primer-directed

Isolation and amplification of RNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues is delicate due to its fragility and ubiquitous ribonucleases. For retrospective studies, however, a convenient procedure for the detection of RNA in archived material is of great value. Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD)

The positive-strand RNA genome of pestiviruses contains a single large open reading frame (ORF) extending its entire length and is capable of encoding 450 kDa of protein. Studies have been undertaken with the purpose of elucidating the specific mechanisms involved in the biogenesis of the complete

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) were detected and differentiated in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from experimentally and naturally infected pigs by multiplex reverse transcription-nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-nPCR). The

Infection with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (ncpBVDV) is associated with uterine disease and infertility. This study investigated the influence of ncpBVDV on immune functions of the bovine endometrium by testing the response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Primary cultures of

A small subset of patients with active ulcerative colitis is non-responsive to major known non-biological therapies. We reported 5 patients with positive serum proteinase-3 antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (PR3-ANCA) and tried to (1) identify the common clinical features of these patients; (2)

To quantitatively assess the role of Candida species in antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD), stool samples from a total of 395 patients and control subjects were cultured in differential isolation medium: 98 patients had AAD, 93 patients were taking antibiotics but did not have diarrhea (A(+)D(-)),

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an enteropathogenic coronavirus causing lethal watery diarrhea in piglets. Since 2010, a PEDV variant has spread rapidly in China, and it emerged in the United States in 2013, posing significant economic and public health concerns. The ability to circumvent