senecio lyratus/니코틴

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are constitutive plant defense compounds with a sporadic taxonomic occurrence. The first committed step in PA biosynthesis is catalyzed by homospermidine synthase (HSS). Recent evidence confirmed that HSS evolved by gene duplication from deoxyhypusine synthase (DHS), an

Wildlife can be poisoned by both plants and chemicals. The co-evolution of wildlife and toxic plants has resulted in an increased resistance to these substances as compared with domestic animals. Both groups of animals are however susceptible to chemical poisons. The results of experimental

Fertilization in angiosperms depends on a complex cellular "courtship" between haploid pollen and diploid pistil. These pollen-pistil interactions are regulated by a diversity of molecules, many of which remain to be identified and characterized. Thus, it is unclear to what extent these processes