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Stimulation of leptin release by actinomycin D in rat adipocytes.

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A greater understanding of the factors causing the enhanced release of leptin by adipocytes in obesity is needed. Experiments were designed to determine the effects of actinomycin D on leptin release by isolated rat adipocytes during primary culture for 24 hr. In adipocytes from fed hypothyroid

Response to chemotherapy in overweight/obese patients with low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia.

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OBJECTIVE Despite rising global obesity rates, the impact of obesity on gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) remains uninvestigated. This study aimed at investigating whether overweight/obesity relates to response to chemotherapy in low-risk GTN patients. METHODS This nonconcurrent cohort study

Obesity-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress suppresses nuclear factor-Y expression.

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Nuclear transcription factor Y (NF-Y) is an evolutionarily conserved transcription factor composed of three subunits, NF-YA, NF-YB, and NF-YC. NF-Y plays crucial roles in pre-adipocyte maintenance and/or commitment to adipogenesis. NF-YA dysfunction in adipocyte resulted in an age-dependent

Meal-feeding specifically induces obese mRNA expression.

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Meal-feeding caused a rapid and specific induction of ob mRNA levels in rat adipose tissue. A high-carbohydrate meal caused a mean 5-fold increase in ob mRNA within 3 h after feeding and almost reached the levels of expression seen in rats fed ad lib. After the meal ob mRNA declined with a half-life

Resistin expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes is reduced by arachidonic acid.

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The resistin gene is expressed in adipocytes and encodes a protein proposed to link obesity and type 2 diabetes. Increased plasma FFA is associated with insulin resistance. We examined the effect of separate FFAs on the expression of resistin mRNA in cultured murine 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The FFAs

Insulin increases endothelin-1-evoked intracellular free calcium responses by increased ET(A) receptor expression in rat aortic smooth muscle cells.

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While insulin is known to promote vascular smooth muscle (VSM) relaxation, it also enhances endothelin-1 (ET-1) secretion and action in conditions such as NIDDM and hypertension. We examined the effect of insulin pretreatment on intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) responses to ET-1 in cultured

A polymorphism in the 3' untranslated region of the gene for tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 modulates reporter gene expression.

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The gene encoding the human TNF alpha receptor (TNFR) 2 contains polymorphisms in the 3' untranslated region (UTR). Previous studies have shown that some variant alleles in this region are associated with obesity and insulin resistance. However, the effect of these polymorphisms on the expression of

Secretion of adiponectin and regulation of apM1 gene expression in human visceral adipose tissue.

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Adiponectin (ApN) is thought to play a major role in the pathogenesis of the Metabolic Syndrome. Production of ApN and regulation of its related gene (apM1) have not yet been studied in human visceral adipose tissue. ApN was mainly associated with adipocyte membranes and abundantly secreted in

Insulin down-regulates resistin mRNA through the synthesis of protein(s) that could accelerate the degradation of resistin mRNA in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

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OBJECTIVE Resistin is a peptide secreted by adipocytes and recognized as a hormone that could link obesity to insulin resistance. This study was designed to examine the effect and mechanism(s) of insulin on resistin expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. METHODS Differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were

Zyflamend, a unique herbal blend, induces cell death and inhibits adipogenesis through the coordinated regulation of PKA and JNK

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The prevalence of obesity and its comorbidities has sparked a worldwide concern to address rates of adipose tissue accrual. Recent studies have demonstrated a novel role of Zyflamend, a blend of natural herbal extracts, in regulating lipid metabolism in several cancer cell lines through the

Hormone receptors: VI. On the nature of the binding of glucagon and insulin to human circulating mononuclear leukocytes.

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Several characteristics of the binding of insulin and glucagon to human circulating mononuclear leukocytes have been studied. Functional analysis (latex bead ingestion) revealed that cell mixtures, as prepared according to Boyum and used generally in studies of insulin resistance in humans, consist

Mapping the response of human fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) promoter to serum availability and lipoic acid in HepG2 hepatoma cells.

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The hormone-like polypeptide, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), is a major modulator of lipid and glucose metabolism and an exploratory treatment strategy for obesity related metabolic disorders. The costs of recombinant FGF21 and mode of delivery by injection are important constraints to its

Halofuginone has anti-proliferative effects in acute promyelocytic leukemia by modulating the transforming growth factor beta signaling pathway.

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Promyelocytic leukemia-retinoic acid receptor alpha (PML-RARα) expression in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) impairs transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signaling, leading to cell growth advantage. Halofuginone (HF), a low-molecular-weight alkaloid that modulates TGFβ signaling, was used to

Ceramide Induces Human Hepcidin Gene Transcription through JAK/STAT3 Pathway.

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Changes in lipid metabolism and iron content are observed in the livers of patients with fatty liver disease. The expression of hepcidin, an iron-regulatory and acute phase protein synthesized by the liver, is also modulated. The potential interaction of lipid and iron metabolism is largely unknown.

Lipopolysaccharide inhibits the expression of resistin in adipocytes.

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Resistin is an adipocytokine leading to insulin resistance. Endotoxin/lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been reported to decrease the expression of resistin mRNA and protein in both lean and db/db obese mice, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Several models such as ex vivo culture of

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