actinomycosis/triacylglycerol

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Eukaryotic lipid body proteins in oleogenous actinomycetes and their targeting to intracellular triacylglycerol inclusions: Impact on models of lipid body biogenesis.

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Bacterial neutral lipid inclusions are structurally related to eukaryotic lipid bodies. These lipid inclusions are composed of a matrix of triacylglycerols (TAGs) or wax esters surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids. Whereas the monolayers of lipid bodies from animal and plant cells harbor

The Ralstonia eutropha H16 phasin PhaP1 is targeted to intracellular triacylglycerol inclusions in Rhodococcus opacus PD630 and Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2155, and provides an anchor to target other proteins.

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In Ralstonia eutropha, the H16 phasin PhaP1 represents the major phasin that binds to the surface of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) inclusions. In this study, C-terminal fusions of PhaP1 with enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) and with Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase (LacZ) were expressed

Triacylglycerols in prokaryotic microorganisms.

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Triacylglycerols (TAG) are fatty acid triesters of glycerol; there are diverse types of TAG with different properties depending on their fatty acid composition. The occurrence of TAG as reserve compounds is widespread among eukaryotic organisms such as yeast, fungi, plants and animals, whereas

The Rhodococcus opacus TadD protein mediates triacylglycerol metabolism by regulating intracellular NAD(P)H pools.

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BACKGROUND The Gram-positive actinomycete Rhodococcus opacus is widely studied for its innate ability to store large amounts of carbon in the form of triacylglycerol (TAG). Several groups have demonstrated that R. opacus PD630 is capable of storing anywhere from 50 to 76% of its cell dry weight as

Nitrogen deprivation induces triacylglycerol accumulation, drug tolerance and hypervirulence in mycobacteria.

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Mycobacteria share with other actinomycetes the ability to produce large quantities of triacylglycerol (TAG), which accumulate as intracytoplasmic lipid inclusions (ILI) also known as lipid droplets (LD). Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), the etiologic agent of tuberculosis, acquires fatty acids

Analysis of storage lipid accumulation in Alcanivorax borkumensis: Evidence for alternative triacylglycerol biosynthesis routes in bacteria.

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Marine hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria, like Alcanivorax borkumensis, play a globally important role in bioremediation of petroleum oil contamination in marine ecosystems. Accumulation of storage lipids, serving as endogenous carbon and energy sources during starvation periods, might be a potential

Antibiotic production, accumulation of intracellular carbon reserves, and sporulation in Micromonospora echinospora (ATCC 15837).

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The physiology of the actinomycete Micromonospora echinospora was examined during growth. Biphasic accumulation of glycogen occurred, initially during the early exponential growth phase, and again following the onset of sporulation at 120 h. Lipid levels increased during growth eventually

A new era of exploitation of microbial metabolites.

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In the past history of the pharmaceutical industry, secondary metabolites have been screened almost exclusively for antimicrobial activities. This biased and narrow view has severely limited the potential application of microbial metabolites. Fortunately, this situation is changing and we are now

Mechanism of lipid-body formation in prokaryotes: how bacteria fatten up.

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Neutral lipid accumulation is frequently observed in some Gram-negative prokaryotes like Acinetobacter sp. and most actinomycetes, including the pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis and antibiotic producing streptomycetes. We examined the formation of wax ester- and triacylglycerol (TAG)-bodies in

Preparative isolation of lipid inclusions from Rhodococcus opacus and Rhodococcus ruber and identification of granule-associated proteins.

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Triacylglycerol granules synthesized and accumulated by Rhodococcus opacus and Rhodococcus ruber were isolated by glycerol density gradient centrifugation. Whereas only one type of granule could be isolated from R. opacus, two types of granules with different specific densities were isolated from R.

The genetics of neutral lipid biosynthesis: an evolutionary perspective.

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The storage of fatty acids and fatty alcohols in the form of neutral lipids such as triacylglycerol (TAG), cholesteryl ester (CE), and wax ester (WE) serves to provide reservoirs for membrane formation and maintenance, lipoprotein trafficking, lipid detoxification, evaporation barriers, and fuel in

Identification of genes coding for putative wax ester synthase/diacylglycerol acyltransferase enzymes in terrestrial and marine environments.

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Synthesis of neutral lipids such as triacylglycerols (TAG) and wax esters (WE) is catalyzed in bacteria by wax ester synthase/diacylglycerol acyltransferase enzymes (WS/DGAT). We investigated the diversity of genes encoding this enzyme in contrasting natural environments from Patagonia (Argentina).

Isolation and characterization of EstC, a new cold-active esterase from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2).

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The genome sequence of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) contains more than 50 genes coding for putative lipolytic enzymes. Many studies have shown the capacity of this actinomycete to store important reserves of intracellular triacylglycerols in nutrient depletion situations. In the present study, we

Bioconversion of lignin model compounds with oleaginous Rhodococci.

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Although economically efficient biomass conversion depends on the utilization of the complete cell wall (biorefinery concept), including polysaccharides and lignin, current biofuels research concentrate mostly on cellulose conversion, while lignin is viewed as a side-product that is used primarily

The Rhodococcus opacus PD630 heparin-binding hemagglutinin homolog TadA mediates lipid body formation.

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Generally, prokaryotes store carbon as polyhydroxyalkanoate, starch, or glycogen. The Gram-positive actinomycete Rhodococcus opacus strain PD630 is noteworthy in that it stores carbon in the form of triacylglycerol (TAG). Several studies have demonstrated that R. opacus PD630 can accumulate up to

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