cyclooxygenase/viduriavimas

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Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition with celecoxib enhances antitumor efficacy and reduces diarrhea side effect of CPT-11.

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Combining anticancer drugs with different mechanisms of action has the potential to enhance antitumor effect. CPT-11 (Camptosar, irinotecan), a topoisomerase I inhibitor, has been shown to be highly effective in the treatment of a variety of cancers. However, its clinical usage is often complicated

Cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme inhibitors: place in therapy.

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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) play a major role in the management of inflammation and pain caused by arthritis. A new class of NSAIDs that selectively inhibit the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme has been developed. The first COX-2 inhibitors, celecoxib and rofecoxib, are said to

Bovine lactoferrin protects lipopolysaccharide-induced diarrhea modulating nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 in mice.

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Lactoferrin (Lf), an iron-binding multifunctional glycoprotein, is abundantly present in colostrum and milk of different species such as humans, bovines, and mice. Our previous observation revealed that bovine colostral Lf is transported into the systemic circulation and cerebrospinal fluid from

Entamoeba histolytica Cyclooxygenase-Like Protein Regulates Cysteine Protease Expression and Virulence.

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The intestinal protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica (Eh) causes amebiasis associated with severe diarrhea and/or liver abscess. Eh pathogenesis is multifactorial requiring both parasite virulent molecules and host-induced innate immune responses. Eh-induced host

Cyclooxygenase-2 and 5-lipoxygenase in dogs with chronic enteropathies.

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BACKGROUND Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) is the major source of leukotrienes. Their role in IBD has been demonstrated in humans and animal models, but not in dogs with chronic enteropathies

Cholera toxin induces prostaglandin synthesis via post-transcriptional activation of cyclooxygenase-2 in the rat jejunum.

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The mechanisms of diarrhea in Asiatic cholera have been studied extensively. Cyclic AMP, 5-hydroxytryptamine, prostaglandins, and the function of neuronal structures have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cholera. To elucidate the role of the different isoforms (COX-1 and COX-2) of

Role of inducible cyclooxygenase and prostaglandins in Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced secretion and inflammation in an animal model.

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Cyclooxygenase (Cox)-2 expression and inhibition were investigated in a rabbit ileal loop model of Clostridium difficile colitis and diarrhea. Intestinal tissue stimulated with C. difficile toxin A showed up-regulation of Cox-2 expression in lamina propria macrophages and elevated prostaglandin

[Involvement of nitric oxide, which was synthesized by constitutive nitric oxide synthase, and prostaglandin on diarrhea induced by castor oil in rats].

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To clarify the mechanism of castor oil-induced diarrhea, this study was performed by using rats in relation to nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin (PG). Castor oil induced diarrhea in all rats within 3 hr in the control group. The pretreatment of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester prevented the

Pathogenetic role of cyclooxygenase-2 in hyperprostaglandin E syndrome/antenatal Bartter syndrome: therapeutic use of the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor nimesulide.

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Patients with hyperprostaglandin E syndrome/antenatal Bartter syndrome typically have renal salt wasting, hypercalciuria with nephrocalcinosis, and secondary hyperaldosteronism. Antenatally, these patients have fetal polyuria, leading to polyhydramnios and premature birth. Hyperprostaglandin E

Oral delivery of L-arginine stimulates prostaglandin-dependent secretory diarrhea in Cryptosporidium parvum-infected neonatal piglets.

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OBJECTIVE To determine if oral supplementation with L-arginine could augment nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and promote epithelial defense in neonatal piglets infected with Cryptosporidium parvum. METHODS Neonatal piglets were fed a liquid milk replacer and on day 3 of age infected or not with 10(8) C.

Inhibition of cyclooxygenase and prostaglandin E2 synthesis by gamma-mangostin, a xanthone derivative in mangosteen, in C6 rat glioma cells.

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The fruit hull of mangosteen, Garcinia mangostana L., has been used for many years as a medicine for treatment of skin infection, wounds, and diarrhea in Southeast Asia. In the present study, we examined the effect of gamma-mangostin, a tetraoxygenated diprenylated xanthone contained in mangosteen,

Comparison of gastrointestinal adverse effects between cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors and non-selective, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs plus proton pump inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

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BACKGROUND There are conflicting and inconsistent data regarding the gastrointestinal (GI) protective effect of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors and of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) plus proton-pump inhibitors (PPI). OBJECTIVE To compare the adverse GI effects between COX-2

Targeting cyclooxygenase-2 reduces overt toxicity toward low-dose vinblastine and extends survival of juvenile mice with Friend disease.

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OBJECTIVE To test the efficacy of selective therapy against cyclooxygenase-2 in combination with a low-dose regimen of a cytotoxic agent in the treatment of juvenile hematopoietic malignancies in the experimental model, Friend disease. METHODS Juvenile erythroleukemic mice (n = 8) received no

Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 prevents adverse effects induced by phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitors in rats.

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OBJECTIVE Phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) inhibitors such as roflumilast are currently being developed as anti-inflammatory treatments for chronic airway disorders. However, high doses of PDE4 inhibitors have also been linked to several side effects in different animal species, including

Will corticosteroids and other anti-inflammatory agents be effective for diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome?

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Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of several functional gastrointestinal disorders commonly encountered in both the clinical setting and the general population. The biopsychosocial model is currently believed to be a more complete explanatory mechanism of IBS symptom genesis and propagation. Gut

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