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Activation of a mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in Arabidopsis by chitin.

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SUMMARY Chitin, a polysaccharide composed of beta-1-->4-linked N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, has been shown or implicated as a signal in plant defence and development. However, the key components of chitin perception and downstream signalling in non-leguminous plants are largely unknown. In recent years,

Fucosyltransferases produce N-glycans containing core l-galactose.

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l-Galactose (l-Gal) containing N-glycans and cell wall polysaccharides have been detected in the l-Fuc deficient mur1 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana. The l-Gal residue is thought to be transferred from GDP-l-Gal, which is a structurally related analog of GDP-l-Fuc, but in vitrol-galactosylation

A LysM receptor-like kinase plays a critical role in chitin signaling and fungal resistance in Arabidopsis.

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Chitin, a polymer of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, is found in fungal cell walls but not in plants. Plant cells can perceive chitin fragments (chitooligosaccharides) leading to gene induction and defense responses. We identified a LysM receptor-like protein (LysM RLK1) required for chitin signaling in

Identification and origin of N-linked β-D-N-acetylglucosamine monosaccharide modifications on Arabidopsis proteins.

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Many plant proteins are modified with N-linked oligosaccharides at asparagine-X-serine/threonine sites during transit through the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi. We have identified a number of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) proteins with modifications consisting of an N-linked

A Golgi UDP-GlcNAc transporter delivers substrates for N-linked glycans and sphingolipids.

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Glycosylation requires activated glycosyl donors in the form of nucleotide sugars to drive processes such as post-translational protein modifications and glycolipid and polysaccharide biosynthesis. Most of these reactions occur in the Golgi, requiring cytosolic-derived nucleotide sugars, which need

'Slipped Sandwich' Model for Chitin and Chitosan Perception in Arabidopsis.

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Chitin, a linear polymer of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, and chitosans, fully or partially deacetylated derivatives of chitin, are known to elicit defense reactions in higher plants. We compared the ability of chitin and chitosan oligomers and polymers (chitin oligomers with degree of polymerization [DP]

A comparison of the retention of pathogenic Escherichia coli O157 by sprouts, leaves and fruits.

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The retention (binding to or association with the plant) of Escherichia coli by cut leaves and fruits after vigorous water washing was compared with that by sprouts. Retention by fruits and leaves was similar but differed from retention by sprouts in rate, effect of wounding and requirement for

High-throughput mass-spectrometry monitoring for multisubstrate enzymes: determining the kinetic parameters and catalytic activities of glycosyltransferases.

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A novel high-throughput screening (HTS) method with electrospray time-of-flight (ESI-TOF) mass spectrometry allows i) rapid and broad screening of multisubstrate enzyme catalytic activity towards a range of donor and acceptor substrates; ii) determination of full multisubstrate kinetic parameters

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